Unit ( 8
) "Stevenson : Dr Jekyll and
Mr. Hyde"
1- Vocabulary
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admit
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يعترف ( بطريقه غير رسميه)
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appearance
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مظهر
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confess
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يعترف (بطريقة
رسمية)
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special medicine
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دواء خاص
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biography(ofاسم
شخص)
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سيرة زاتية لشخص أخر
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presenter
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مقدم برامج
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knock
(on \ at the door)
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يطرق على
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live on the island
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يعيش على جزيرة
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permanently
( decided to live there)
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باستمرار
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rather than
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أفضل من
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profession
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مهنة تحتاج الى تدريب خاص(طب - هندسه)
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believe in
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يؤمن بـ
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recuperate
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تعافى المريض – يأخذ فترة نقاهة – يصح
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wrong about(human nature)
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خطأ فى
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respectable
( family – man)
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محترم
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at the end of
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فى نهاية
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eventually
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أخيرا – فى النهاية
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terrible
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فظيع – رهيب
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commit a crime
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يرتكب جريمة
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appointment
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ميعاد
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bestseller
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كتاب يحقق الأكثر بيعا
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the main message of
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الرسالة الرئيسية لـ
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colleagues
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زملاء العمل والدراسة
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sides
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جوانب
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a will (write)
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وصية
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fighting
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حرب - صراع
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takes place in
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يحدث فى
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approve (of) # disapprove of
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يستحسن
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a respected scientist
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عالم محترم
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promise
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يوعد
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good and evil side
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جانب الخير والشر
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mention
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يذكر
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in
conflict
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فى صراع
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morally
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أخلاقيا
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disagree with (his ideas)
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لايوافق على ( أفكار)
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a book club
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نادي الكتاب
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blackmail
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يبتز
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look frightening
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يبدو مخيف
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teenagers
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مراهقين – بالغين
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a violent personality
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شخصية عنيفة
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a
fortnight
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أسبوعين
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attract attention
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يجذب الانتباه
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recognize
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يتعرف عليه
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end badly
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تنتهى بطريقة سيئة
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demand ( شيئmoney) from
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يطلب من
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disapprove of
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لايستحسن
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good # evil
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طيب # شرير
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find
it difficult toمصدر
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يجد صعوبة
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take place in
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يحدث فى
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disapprove of (his research)
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لايستحسن
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human beings
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الكائنات البشرية
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do experiment on
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يعمل تجربة على
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a legal document
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مستند قانونى أو شرعى
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prove
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يثبت - يبرهن
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a situation of disagreement
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موقف خلاف
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character
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شخصية
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behave in an evil way
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يتصرف بطريقه شريرة
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2- Some definitions
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1.
admit
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agree
or say something is true although , you don't want to
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يعترف
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2.
biography
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a
book about a person's life.
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سيرة
ذاتية
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3.
knock
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hit a door with your hand to attract
someone's attention.
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يطرق
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4.
permanently
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for
all future time , or for a very long time.
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باستمرار
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5.
profession
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a
job that needs or requires special education and training
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مهنة
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6.
recuperate
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to
spend time getting better after an illness, or injury.
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تعافى
مرض
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7.
respectable
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behaving
in a way that people think is socially acceptable or morally right.
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محترم
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8.
a will
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a
legal document saying what happen to someone's money after and things after
they die.
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وصية
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9.
a conflict
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a
situation of disagreement or fighting between people .
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صراع
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10.
appearance
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the way that someone or something looks or seems to other
people'
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مظهر
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11.
blackmail
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to make someone pay you money or do what you want by threatening
to tell secrets about them
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يبتز
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12.
colleague
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someone you work with .
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زميل
العمل
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13.
commit
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do something illegal
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يرتكب
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14.
human
nature
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behaviour, faults qualities. etc. that are typical of ordinary
people
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طبيعة
البشر
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15.
personality
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someone's character, especially the way they behave towards
other people
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الشخصية
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3- Language Notes
1- ¨Biography سيرة ذاتية يكتبها عن
شخص آخر -He will write the biography of this
scientist.
¨autobiography سيرة ذاتية يكتبها عن نفسه -He wrote his autobiography and published it
2-respectable محترم - He is a respectable man./ - He wants a
respectable job.
¨ respectful محترم للأخرين و للأشياء - You should be respectful to others.
3 - ¨ agree to + مصدر يوافق - He agreed to lend me his book.
¨agree with + شخص his…
\ agree on + شيئ
-He
agreed with me. /He
agreed with his ideas
¨لاحظ الفرق بين الكلمات الآتية:
4-¨Profession مهنة أو عمل يتطلب قدرا كبيرا من التدريب والتعليم مثل الطب
والمحاماة والتدريس
- He left the teaching profession to set up
his own business.
¨Work: العمل بصفة عامة ولا تجمع
- Peter's work involves a lot of travelling. ·I
have a lot of work to do.
¨Work: يقوم بتشغيل ( آلة مثلا) · Do
you know how to work (=operate) this machine?
¨اذا جُمعَت كلمة work يصبح معناها مؤلفات أو أعمال فنية أو
أدبية: · a
work of art ·
works of art
¨Job: وظيفة (تجمع) و تشير إلي عمل منتظم يقوم به الشخص لكسب المال
-When she left college, she got a job as a
secretary.
-She has applied for a job with an insurance
company.
¨Career: المستقبل الوظيفي / الفترة التي يقضيها الشخص في وظيفة
معينة
- He has a long career in journalism. الصحافة
5- ¨Temporary مؤقت / permanent دائم
- He tries to find a temporary job during the summer
holiday.
- Their stay is not temporary , it is permanent.
6- ¨complain to + شخص - about + شيئ / of + مرض complain that + جملة كاملة
- He complained of headache. - She complained to her father about her money.
- He complained that he didn't get his salary.
7- ¨rather + * صفة سلبية
fairly
= quite صفه ايجابية
- The film is rather boring. - He is fairly polite. – He is quite good at
English.
8- ¨good at جيد في /for
مناسب لى
/ good to طيب مع
- He is good at writing.
- This climate is good for his health. – He is good to the poor .
9- ¨Prefer اسم / v+ ing … to اسم / v+ ing ..
¨ like + اسم
/ v + ing……… more
than \ better than + اسم / v+ ing
¨ d rather مصدر…………….than مصدر
He prefers being evil
to being good . - He 'd rather be evil than be good.
10- ¨frightened of خائف من frightening مخيف
- He is frightened of the lion. -
The view is frightening.
11- ¨ فاعل + find it + صفة + to + مصدر
He
found it difficult to come back again.
4 -A) Useful phrases, expressions and prepositions
from unit ( 8 )
takes
place in London doing
research into human nature
human
beings have a good and evil starts
doing secret experiments on
finds
it more difficult to change the
story end badly
takes
place in يحدث
فى change
into يتحول الى
in
conflict فى صراع do
research into /on يعمل
بحث عن
disagree
with ( his ideas) لايوافق
على ( أفكار) guess about يخمن
start
asking questions about starts
to enjoy being….
commit
terrible crimes. look
frightening
disapprove
of (his research) لايستحسن find it difficult to مصدر يجد صعوبة
do
experiment on يعمل تجربة
على live
on the island يعيش على جزيرة
protecting
…from يحمى من \ يقى من ask
questions about يسأل
أسئلة عن
It
was time for ..to حان
الوقت لـ ...أن ....... believe in يؤمن بـ
5) Functions "Making Suggestions"
1
– How about + v + ing ………? 2
– What about + v + ing ------------------?
3
– Let's + مصدر ………………… 4
– Why don't we / you + مصدر -----------?
5
– I would + مصدر ……………… 6
– If you ask me , I would ----------------
7
– We could + مصدر …………… 8 – I suggest + v + ing
----------------------
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Agree
/ accept / approval
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Refuse
/ disagree / disapproval
|
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-That is a good idea
- I will go along with that
- I agree
- That
is what I think
|
- I am not sure about that
- I don't agree .
- No , I would prefer to -----
-
Sorry , I don't agree.
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6) Grammar unit ( 8) " Direct and
indirect"
تحويل الجملة من الكلام المباشر إلى الغير مباشر
1)
فعل القول نحوله كما يلى :
say to è tell-ask says to è tells-asks
said to è
told-asked say è
say-ask
says è
says-asks said è said-asked
2) نحذف الأقواس
¨
ونربط بـ that إذا كان الكلام المباشر جملة خبرية ويمكن حذف that.
¨
ونربط بـ if أو whether إذا كان الكلام المباشر سؤال يبدأ
بفعل مساعد.
¨
وإذا كان الكلام المباشر سؤال يبدأ بأداة استفهام نربط بنفس الأداة ويأتى
بعدها الفاعل ثم الفعل (أى جملة خبرية) .
¨
ونربط بـ to + inf إذا كان
الكلام المباشر جملة أمرية مثبتة.
¨
ونربط بـ not to + inf إذا كان الكلام المباشر جملة
أمرية منفية.
3) نحول الضمائر حسب المتكلم والمستمع. فضمير المتكلم I – we نحولهما إلى ضمير يعود على القائل وضمير المخاطب you
نحوله إلى ضمير يعود على المستمع بنفس نوعه فمثلاً :
I è he / she ضمير القائل
my è his / her ضمير الملكية من ضمير القائل
me è him / her ضمير المفعول من ضمير القائل
you (مفعول) è him / her / me /them / us ضمير المستمع
you (فاعل) è he / she / I / they / we ضمير الفاعل من ضمير المستمع
your è his / her / my / their /our ضمير الملكية من ضمير المستمع
4) إذا كان فعل القول فى المضارع فلا نحول أزمنة الكلام
المباشر عند تحويله إلى غير المباشر أما إذا كان فعل القول فى الماضى فإننا نحول
الأزمنة من المضارع إلى الماضى كما يلى :
present simple è past simple
present continuous è past continuous
present perfect è past perfect
past simple è past perfect
don't / doesn't è didn't -
didn't + inf è hadn't + p.p.
am / is / are è was / were - was / were è had been
have /has è had -
can è could
will / shall è would – may è might
must è had to (إلزام) or must have + p.p. (استنتاج)
5)
إذا وجدت الكلمات الآتية فى الجملة تحول كما يلى إذا كان فعل القول فى
الماضى :
- yesterday è the day before - last ….. è the …….. before / the previous
……
- ………. ago è ……….. before -
tomorrow è the next / following day
- next … è the next / following … - the day after tomorrow è in two days
- now è then - today è that day - tonight è that night
- this è that - these è those - here è there
- come here è go there
ملحوظات مهمة :
1) إذا وجدنا الفعل المساعد do / does نحذفهما ونأتى بالماضى البسيط من الفعل الرئيسى عند
تحويل السؤال إلى غير المباشر. وإذا وجدنا الفعل المساعد did
نحذفه ونأتى بالماضى التام (had + p.p.) من الرئيسى. أما إذا وجدنا فعل مساعد آخر فى المضارع
فنحوله إلى الماضى عند التحويل إلى غير المباشر. فمثلاً am / is / are تحول إلى was / were و have / has إلى had
و can إلى could و will / shall إلى would.
2) عند تحويل السؤال إلى غير المباشر لابد أن نستخدم صيغة
خبرية (أى الفاعل قبل الفعل) بعد أداة الربط if / whether أو أى أداة استفهام أخرى.
3) 1-
يمكن أن نستخدم أفعال قول أخرى كثيرة حسب المعنى مثل كل من
(
مصدر ( - apologize – deny - admit - complain –
mention– promise to + بدلا من said \ told
1- He said to me “I’ll get you a bicycle if you get high marks
this year"
- He
promised to get me a bicycle if I got high marks that year.
2-He
said “I spent a lot of time in hospital
last year”
- He complained that he had spent a lot of
time in hospital in the previous year.
3-She said to him “How are you today?”
- She asked him
how he was that day.
4
-She said “Did you write your lesson last night, Ali?”المخاطب
داخل الأقواس
- She asked Ali if he had written his
lesson the night before .لاحظ
المخاطب بعد فعل القول
5-He
said to me “Obey and respect you teacher”
- He advised me to
obey and respect my teacher.
6- He
said to me “Don’t waste your time”
- He advised me
not to waste my time
4) يمكن أيضا استخدام كل من الأفعال الآتية كأفعال قول
بالشروط الآتية
|
Direct
مباشر
|
Indirect غير مباشر
|
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1-
الفاعلsaid “ I’m
sorry.." “ I’m afraid…..”
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فاعل apologized (to مفعول )for (not) v +ing
|
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2- الفاعلsaid “ let’s…” “ It’s a good idea
to.."
“ What (how) about v + ing….? ”
“ Why don’t you +مصدر.……...? ”
|
الفاعلsuggested +v + ing…..
الفاعلsuggested +v + ing…..
الفاعلsuggested +v + ing….
|
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3- الفاعلsaid “ Yes,…………………..”
الفاعل said “ No,…………………..”
|
الفاعل agreed to + مصدر….
الفاعلrefused to + مصدر….
|
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4- الفاعل
said “فاعل
didn’t + مصدر
.......”
|
الفاعلdenied + v + ing………( يحذف النفي)
|
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5- الفاعل
said " You were wrong ( not ) to... ."
|
فاعل blamed مفعول for(not ) v +ing……
|
|
4- الفاعل
said “فاعل must
+ مصدر
.......”
|
الفاعلinsisted on + v + ing …………….
|
Ex. 1-
He said “I’m sorry, I arrived late” ( apologized )
- He apologized for arriving late. / He said that he was sorry he had arrived late.
2- He
said “ I won’t eat your dinner” ( refused )
- He
refused to eat my dinner. / - He
said that he wouldn’t eat my dinner.
3- He
said “It’s a good idea to telephone him”
( suggested )
- He
suggested telephoning him.
4- He
said “I didn’t steal your book” ( denied )
- He
denied stealing my book.
5- He
said to me " You were wrong not to visit me when I was ill " ( blamed )
- He
blamed me for not visiting him when he had been ill .
5) لا تتحول الأفعال ولا الظروف ولا الأحوال وضمائر الإشارة
إلى الماضي أو الأمضى منها في الحالات الآتية : -
أ –
إذا كان فعل القول مضارع مثل : say- say )( says – says) ( say
to – tell ) ( says to– tells) )
ب- إذا كان الفعل داخل الأقواس مضارع بسيط يدل
على حقيقة علمية ثابتة.
جـ- إذا كان فعل القول ماضي وقيل منذ قترة
قليلة ويعرف بـ(
just now - a moment ago - a short time ago)
د- لا
يتحول الأفعال مع قاعدة ( ( Ifفي الحالة
الصفرية و الثانية والثالثة .
1-
He says “I’m tired now "
- He
says he is tired now.
2-
The science teacher said “if you heat iron, it expands”
- The
science teacher said that if we heat iron, it expands.
3- He
said just now “I’ve finished this book”
- He
said just now that he has finished this book.
4- He said "If you studied hard, you
would succeed"
- He
said that if I studied hard , I would succeed .
8- Exercises based on the unit (8 )
1) What do you say when?
1– Someone suggests watching TV , you agree.
2 –
Your friend has bad headache.
3 –
Your friend suggests playing squash , you don't like the idea.
4 –
You offer to help an old man to cross the street.
2) Say where these take place who the speakers are
:
1-A: Excuse me. Do you speak English? Place : ----------
B- Yes, I do. How can I help you? Speaker A: --------
A - Could you tell me the way to the Cairo Tower,
please? Speaker B: --------
B - Yes. Cross the road here, take the first road on the right Function: ----------
and the tower is at the end of that road.
2 -A -
We have to give our English homework in today. Place : ----------
B- I know , but I don't know where my book is . Speaker A: --------
A - Isn't it in your bag ? Speaker B: --------
B – No , I think I must have left it at home Function: ----------
3) A) Choose the correct answer based on the
vocabulary:
1. When Rana spilled
paint on my new dress, I thought it would stain _____.
a) cowardly b) respectably c) permanently d)
questionably
2. I have to (a) understand b) admit
c) steal d) knock ) that Dania
was right.
3. Dalia spent three
days in hospital to _____ after her accident.
a) commit b) recuperate c) excavate d) profess
4. Mr Hyde(a)
regretted b) knocked c) professed
d) drew)three times upon the door.
5. Her _____ was
changed after the accident. She had scars and she was thinner.
a) finishing b) appearance c)
competition d) failure
6. Scientists have
long been disputing whether we have one _____ or many.
a) engineer b) colleague c)
blackmail d) human nature
7. Our _____ in the
science department disagree on the subject.
a)
involvements b) excavations c) personalities d) colleagues
8. John left a _____
to say who would receive what after his death.
a) biography b) form c)
will d) conscience
9. The _____ between
the families went on long after the court battle was decided.
a) conflict b) appearance c) disaster d)
human nature
10. Two men have
been accused of _____ a parliament member.
a)
blackmailing b) appearing c) committing d)
knocking
11 – Your ------------- are people working with you.
a – relatives
b – enemies c –
neighbours d – colleagues
12 – Conflict is a situation of disagreement or
---------- between people.
a – fighting
b – dancing c – cooperation d – respect
13 – People who ------------ serious crimes should be
sent to prison.
a – come
b – see c –
watch d – commit
14 – He left all his savings to his son in his(a – hand b – will c – memory d – fan).
15 – When my brother started his new job , all his
------- were friendly.
a – colleagues
b – teachers c –
nurses d – classmates
16 – The story took (a – place b – part c
– turns d – off) in Luxor.
17 – The police made him (a – confess b – say
c – commit d – admit)his crime.
18 – The young boy was(a. frightening b. fright c.
frightened d. bright)of the huge man.
19 – How about (a – go
b – goes c – went d – going) on a holiday ?
20 – Some people are against his ideas and disapprove ---------- his research.
a – in
b – at c –
with d – of
21 - ---------------- means to take something from
someone for silence.
a – blackmail
b – borrow c - lend d - laugh
22 – This story was a ---------------------- for two
years.
a – absent
b – bestseller c –
bookseller d – fruit seller
23 – He suffers from many ---------------- problems .
a – healthier
b – healthy c –
health d – wealth
24 – He suffers from illness and spent most of his time
----------
a – in bed
b – in the street c – in the
bathroom d – singing
25 – He wrote his best works ------------------ Treasure Island , Kidnapped and Dr Jekyll
a – including
b – consisting c –
containing d – appearing
26 – I am reading the -------------- of Shakespeare , he
had a very interesting life.
a – geography
b – autograph c –
biology d – biography
27 – He has worked in different places . Now , he would
like a more ----- job.
a – permanent
b – temporary c –
enjoyable d – profitable
28 – I -------------- people who are honest and work
hard.
a – hate
b – respect c –
respectable d – respectful
29 – He is not amateur , he is ------------------------
a – profession
b – professional c –
lazy d – professionally
30 – You should behave (a – professional b – profession c – professionals d – professionally)
31 – My uncle visited Aswan buy now he has decided to live there
-----------
a – temporarily
b – permanently c – by chance d – fantastically
32 – Someone ------------- on our door last night , but I
didn't open it.
a – broke
b – knocked c –
took d – booked
33 – Doctors and nurses belong to medical
-------------------
a – confession
b – decision c –
transition d – profession
34 – All my friends come from very ---------------
families.
a – respectable
b – evil c –
devil d – unrespectable
35 – My grandfather is
----------------- at the moment after along illness.
a – recuperating
b – recuperate c –
recuperates d – recuperated
B) Choose the correct answer based on the grammar:
1. Sami asked, “What
do you mean, Sarah?” Sami asked Sarah what she _____.
a) was
meaning b) means c) meant d) is meaning
2. “I’m going out,”
announced Bassam. Bassam announced he _____ out.
a) went b) has gone c) was going d) is going
3. “Tomorrow I’ll
see Hany,” Gamal said. Gamal said he would see Hany _____.
a) yesterday b) the following day c) again d) today
4. “Sawsan won’t
even consider it,” reported Selim. Selim reported that Sawsan ___even consider
it.
a) will b)
wouldn’t c) isn’t d) doesn’t
5. Tasneem asked,
“What are you doing?” Tasneem asked _____ doing.
a) what am I b) what was I c) what I was d) what I am
6. Fouad inquired,
“Has Hadeer eaten dinner?” Fouad inquired if Hadeer _____ dinner.
a) has eaten b) ate c) had eaten d) had
7. “This year we’re
going to Dubai,” said Jenna. Jenna said they _____ to Dubai that year.
a) were going b) have been going c) is going d) went
8. She _____
understood the question because she got it wrong.
a) shouldn’t
have b) can’t have c) wouldn’t have d) won’t have
9. The biologist
said, “These fish swim upstream in the autumn.” The biologist said these fish
_____ upstream in the autumn. a) swim b) swam c) swum d) are
swimming
10. Mariam told us,
“Many elephants are killed each year by illegal hunters.” Mariam told us that
many elephants _____ each year by illegal hunters.
a) killed b) have been
killed c) was killed d) are killed
11 – He (a
– said b – told c – asked
d – talked) Dina that he was
writing a letter.
12 –
Samir (a – told b – said to c – asked
d – said) that the helicopter was flying high.
13 –
Leila said that she -----------------------TV then.
a – is
watching b – watched c – was watching d – had watched
14 – He
said that he ------ his friend the following day.
a – will
visit b – would visit c – is visiting d – visited
15 – He
said that he ------------------ her playing the piano.
a – had
seen b – has seen c – will see d – can see
16 – I
asked her if (a – I could b – could
I c – can I d – are I ) use the new camera.
17 –
Farouk asked Osman why (a – was he b –
are you c – is he d – he was late.)
18 – The
teacher said, " Where ------------- , Hazim ?"
a – your
book b – your books were c – the books are d – is your book
19 –
Karim (a – asked b – told c – said
d – talked)Nour if there was sugar in the cup.
20
- Samy asked Ali where ----------- that
precious stone.
a – had
she found b – she had found c – did she find d – she finds
21 – I
told the professor I --------------- the following lecture.
a – didn't attend
b – wouldn't attend c – won't
attend d – hadn't attended
22 –
They wanted to know (a. if I played b.
did I play c. do I play d. that I play )music.
23 – He
said just now that he -------- a new car next month.
a –
would buy b – will
buy c – has bought d – buys.
24 – She
asked me where I (a – stay b – did
stay c – was staying d – am staying) then .
25 – The
interviewer asked the professor ------ he had worked at any foreign
universities.
a –
whether b – unless c – that d – whatever
26 – Can
you kindly tell me where ---------------?
a – is
the manager b – the manager c – the manager is d – is
4) Find the mistake and correct it in every
sentence.
1. On Tuesday Rishad
said he will not have enough money.
2. Khadijah said she
had finished the job the before day.
3. Nehad asked,
“They are leaving at ten o’clock?”
4. I asked him what
was he doing at nine o’clock tonight.
5. I asked her what
was she reading. 6. Ten minutes
ago, Nourhan told me you have left.
7. Leila can’t have
answered the phone because it has stopped ringing.
8. Father asked
mother when would dinner be ready. 9.
I asked him what was he doing.
10. She
asked me weather I had watched the DVD. 11. He told that it was a busy
day.
12. He
says that he was taking his brother to the airport.
13. He
said ," Where do you go to school? " – by bus.
14. She
said just now that he had watched TV. 15 Dr Jekyll makes place in London.
16. He
was do research into human nature. 17.
He started making experiments on himself.
18. The
boy took the right medicine , so he died. 19.
He wrote his biography before he died.
20. He
used to complain to pain in heart. 21.Her recuperte after
her surgery took a long time.
22.You
should act respect towards your elders.
23.Business
owners should behave professional in public.
24.
Heba will borrow her crystal necklace to me. 25.The book about Jane Goodall
was biography.
26.When
the child hit his head, he was knock unconscious.
27.Some
people say we have multiple human nature.
28.Dr Jekyll has multiple personality.
29.If
you’ve commit a crime, you’ll go to prison. 30.What’s the matter? You appearance distressed.
5 - A: Translate into Arabic: 2000
1-
Celebrating the new millennium at the
foot of the pyramids of Giza was marvelous .That was the best place from which
we could pass to the new century .The celebration aimed at combining the
ancient and the modern and reviewing the history of human civilization .
2-
Some scientists have found that people
are more likely to catch cold when they are unhappy or under stress .This is
because the immune system is less efficient when we are worried .Doctors have
also found out that people with mild cold get better if doctor is kind .
B : Translate into English:
1- تعمل الدولة على رعاية
الموهوبين وتنميه مواهبهم. (ث0ع 2001)
2- تبذل الحكومة أقصى جهدها لإيجاد فرص عمل للشباب وبناء مساكن لهم
. (ث0ع 2000)
3- يقاس تقدم الأمم بمدى اهتمامها بقضايا البيئة على مختلف أنواعها
. (ث0ع 2000)
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