SECONDARY 3 GRAMMAR UNIT 1
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. The weather
report says it __________ cloudy all day.
a) will
be b) going to be c) is d) is being
2. After seeing
some of the competition, Leila thinks she __________ the bronze medal.
a) will
win b) wins c) is winning d) will be won
3. The twins
__________ seventeen next week.
a)
turning b) is
going to turn c) turns d) will turn
4. If you like,
I __________ the salad.
a) am
making b) will make c) makes d) am going to make
5. Salma and
Sarah have made plans. They __________ tomorrow.
a) are
going skating b) are skate c) will skate d) do skate
6. We’ve
arranged everything. We __________ Hussein up at nine.
a)
picks b)
picking c) will
pick d) are picking
7. Samy can’t help
you tonight. He __________ on a science project.
a)
won’t be working b) is working c) worked d) works
8. Fine. You set
the table, and I __________ the bread.
a) am
cutting b) cut c) will cut d) am cutting
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. I cannot
watch the rocket launching. I will be busy at 7:00. (since)
2. I
strongly agree. Technology has changed our lives for the better. (that)
3. The space
station orbits the earth. A rocket refuels it as it orbits. (while)
4. I play
soccer almost every day. (usually)
5. I love
Rome. I love Damascus. (as well as)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. Can you
wait until 6.00 because I had lessons until then?
3. Look! I
buy that beautiful kitten for Yunus for his birthday.
4. Ask
Sawsan because I think she probably knew the answer.
5. My flight
tomorrow will be at 9.58 am.
6. I think
Mother will finishes reading her novel tonight.
7. Sorry, I
can’t come because I played tennis with Yehia tomorrow.
8. George’s
family take him out tomorrow to celebrate his new job.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Technology is as old as mankind’s first discovery of
fire. Many people think that technologywill be providing solutions
to our problems or allow us to do things we have never done. But that may not
be so. For example, only the very, very wealthy be able to go
into space because of the prohibitive cost of jet fuel. There are no
substitutes for this expensive fuel, and no one is knowing how
long we is continuing to extract it from the ground. In the
future, those of us left on earth will be having to conserve
or develop new technologies.
GRAMMAR UNIT
2
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. If you
are riding a bicycle, fifty kilometres __________ not such a long way.
a)
are b) is c) were d) was
2. Can you
count how __________ grains of sand are on a beach?
a)
much b) many c) some d) any
3. One of
the team members __________ usually very aggressive.
a)
are b) be c) were d) is
4. __________
water has gone under this old bridge.
a)
Many b) Plenty c) Lots d) Much
5. There is
plenty of meat, but there is not __________ bread.
a)
plenty b) many c) much d) a lot
6. I’m
sorry. I haven’t __________ change.
a)
any b) many c) plenty d) a
7. Six
people __________ injured in a bus accident yesterday.
a)
are b) was c) were d) is
8. We have
two litres of milk. __________ that enough for today?
a)
Are b) Was c) Is d) Were
9. Maths
__________ my favourite subject when I was in school.
a)
was b) were c) is d) are
10. The police
__________ arrested three suspects.
a)
is b) have c) are d) has
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. What is
the number of students in your class? (how many/much)
2. It takes
little petrol to fill my car. (ten litres)
3. Could I
have a drink please? (water)
4. Those two
people have been sitting there for three hours. (couple)
5. Four
books are on the table. (there)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. Politics
were his favourite subject in university.
2. The
police is having a meeting to discuss safety measures.
3. The good
news are that Fatma had twin baby girls.
4. We have
some cake, but we don’t have many coffee.
5. Were they
any problems with the mission?
6. I haven’t
many patience with this sort of thing, but Sawsan has.
7. Lots of
people wants to spend their summer at the beach.
8. Gymnastics
refresh me more than playing tennis.
4. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. Seham
is having a lot of a. that is going to cost to fix?
2. Can
you tell me how much b. university next week.
3. Bashir
is heading off to c. responsible solutions to those
problems.
4. Information d. trouble with her car.
5. How do
you know how many e. is everywhere on the Internet.
f. cups to put if you don’t have a
recipe?
5. Read the paragraph. Circle the correct word in
parentheses.
How (many – much – any) butter should you use? You
(seldom – often – not) hear of cholesterol causing heart problems (late – later
– often) on in life. So how young (should – may – might) you be before you
(changes – change – changing) your diet? I believe in moderation. I try not to
eat too (much – many – enough) fatty foods, yet I realise we need (many – any –
some) fat in a healthy diet. So I cook with (a – an – the) little bit of olive
oil and save the butter for my morning toast.
GRAMMAR UNIT
3
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. Energy
_____ in many ways.
a)
are produced b) is produced c) producing d) produced
2. Wind
turbines _____ to change wind energy to electric energy.
a)
used b) are used c) is using d) is used
3. Fossil
fuels _____ from animals and plants that lived millions of years ago.
a)
come b) comes c) are coming d) were coming
4. _____
types of machines can generate energy.
a)
much b) any c) many d) no one
5. Electricity
_____ by power stations.
a)
is generates b) is generated c) is generating d) is generate
6. There are
power stations all over Egypt which _____ electricity.
a)
generates b) generated c) generating d) generate
7. Hydroelectric
power harnesses the power of flowing water with _____ use of dams.
a)
a b) an c) the d) some
8. For
geothermal energy, water _____ to the surface.
a)
pumps b) is pumping c) pumped d) is pumped
9. The film
_____ only to the newcomers.
a)
shows b) is showing c) was shown d) shown
10. Isn’t it
lovely! Hannah _____ it for me.
a)
designed b) is designing c) designs d) designing
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. Seven of
the children took the bus. (taken)
2. The chef
decorates the cakes. (decorated)
3. The
change in technology has created a revolution. (been created)
4. Many
people believe Italian food to be the best. (believed)
5. Emad and
Ali prepare the most delicious dishes. (prepared)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. How many
diamonds is set in the necklace?
2. That
costs far too many money for me.
3. Hany
would be liked to go to the park with us.
4. We can
produced electricity by spitting atoms.
5. The party
was enjoy by all.
6. The
blades are drive by the wind.
7. How much
forms of energy are renewable?
8. Steam
from geothermal energy has been pipe all through Icelandic towns and villages.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
There are many simple technologies, which we continue
to use, that save energy. The Archimedes screw still used on the few
Egyptian farms to irrigate land. The ancient Egyptians used pulleys to move
large loads. Pulleys can be find on construction sites for
lifting quantities of bricks and cement. A knife is also a type of simple tool.
The force of your weight displace by this simple wedge to cut
something. Scissors and can openers usesthe same principle. Sure,
we can bought electric gadgets that do this work for us, but
why waste energy?
5. Read the paragraph. Circle the correct word in
parentheses.
We did something very interesting in my physics class
last year. The entire class (go – went - goes) to a trash-processing facility.
(Some – Many - Any) of the trash (was sorted – sorted - had sorted) for
recycling. Metal (extracted - was extracted - is extracting) by a magnet to be
reused. Plastic often (is separating - separated - was separated) at home. If
it wasn’t, someone had to do it by hand. The paper and food (had burned - was
burned - were burned) to generate electricity for (many - much - few) homes in
the area. I (find – found - finds) this trip fascinating.
GRAMMAR REVIEW A
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. Choose
this one. I think that colour _____ good on you.
a)
is looking b) will look c) looked d) are looking
2. Did you
just see that? The car _____ by a monkey!
a)
was being driven b) was being driver c) will be driven d) are been driven
3. Road
safety can _____ if people just slow down.
a)
has been b) improved c) be improved d) be improving
4. The
captain’s hat _____ off by the helicopter.
a)
was been blown b) blew c) blows d) was blown
5. The
police _____ for more money to buy new equipment.
a)
are asking b) is asking c) are asked d) is asked
6. The
team’s plane _____ next Tuesday at 6.05.
a)
is going be b) was arriving c) arrives d) arrive
7. Some day
people _____ all of the ocean bottom in submarines.
a)
are exploring b) will explore c) explores d) going to explore
8. There has
been _____ talk about how we can reduce our waste.
a)
many b) any c) none d) much
9. The
monuments of Philae _____ to preserve our ancient heritage.
a)
were moved b) was moved c) moved d) is moved
10. I _____ my
husband for lunch tomorrow at the new restaurant.
a)
meets b) ’m meeting c) meeting d) will meet
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. Hisham
goes. He usually stays for five days. (when)
2. The
teachers corrected all the exams. (were)
3. The
engineers are installing three waterfalls in the Pasha Park. (installed)
4. You will
not be able to drive faster than what the device tells the engine. (impossible)
5. Our
apartment is so hot because the sun heats it. (heated)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. There are
a millions of grains of sand on the beach.
2. How much
ice cubes do I put into each glass?
3. The
whipping cream was ruining by the exteme heat.
4. I just
had an idea. After we finish our lessons, we are gone for ice cream.
5. At the
café, the people usually chooses the coffee over the tea.
6. Fifteen
minutes seem like a long time, but an hour seems like forever.
7. Are a
kilo of iron equal to a kilo of feathers? Of course, they are both a kilo.
8. Their
constant debating of politics bore me.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
My mother worries about me now that I have my driving
licence. She is more afraid of howmuch other drivers don’t know how
to drive. I always drives carefully because I know how dangerous
driving can be. For example, your attention distracting by
using a mobile phone. I never text or talk with my mobile when I’m driving
because accidents, even deadly ones,causing that way. Plus I never
speed because it increased the force of the impact. So drive
safely – for my safety!
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. I haven’t
had a. directions.
2. Do you
know b. times must I say the same thing?
3. How many c. reduce accidents.
4. I’m lost.
I need d. a bath yet.
5. How much e. news do you watch?
f. the way to Aswan?
GRAMMAR UNIT 4
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. His style of
painting _____ over the years.
a) have
changed b) changing c) is changed d) has changed
2. While he was
working as clerk for a judge, he _____ himself as a great legal writer.
a)
establishes b) established c) establishing d) has established
3. Zeinab’s
biographical accounts of her life _____ by her brother Ahmed.
a) were
written b) was written c) wrote d) had been written
4. Those old
stories are still _____ by many children today.
a)
loved b) loving c) being loved d) love
5. As far as
Hany _____ concerned, that team hasn’t a chance of winning.
a) were b) been c) is d) was
6. Fawzi _____
already read some of Yehia Haqqi’s writing before learning about him in class.
a) have b) had c) is d) was
7. Many of the
students _____ questions for the speaker before he arrived.
a) had
prepared b) have prepared c) was preparing d) been preparing
8. What _____
you doing when the lights went out last night?
a) was b) had been c) have d) were
9. The children
_____ tails to their donkey pictures then hung them up.
a)
are attaching b) have attached c) attached d) had attached
10. Fatma
_____ her own room since they moved to the new house in Sheikh Zaid.
a)
is having b) has c) has had d) had
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. Ms Sahar
Hatem is developing the new rules. (developed)
2. The team
passed the ball. (was)
3. All the rules
are allowed by law. (legally)
4. Jimmy is
competing in the district races. (competitor)
5. Longman is
publishing a new dictionary. (publisher)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. Yesterday, my
brother giving me a new soccer ball for my birthday.
2. Soha, who is
now in university, had written poetry since primary school.
3. Eventually,
you will had to give up your playful ways and get to work.
4. This novel
was writing by Yehia Haqqi.
5. While Yusef
was waiting for the bus, it starts to rain.
6. Before he had
taken the medicine, he feels very ill.
7. One Thousand
and One Nights has retold many times and on many continents.
8. The plumber
tells us not to turn on the water until the leak has been fixed.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
There are many great writers from which to choose.
Some are writers of classics, and others are popular novelists. There is
also fact and non-fiction from which to choose. What
matters are that you read. For example, Jonathan Swift’s
writings making fun of the problems of 18th century
England, which encouraged people to take action. The surprise ending that
brings so much joy to story lovers was developing by Guy de
Maupassant. Herman Melville, in his classic Moby Dick, examines both
whales and whaling in the 19thcentury. I have just finishing a
book about the problems of finding enough oil for our future energy needs. With
so much to learn from writers, what kind of book will you pick up today?
GRAMMAR UNIT 5
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. The Postman,
by Yehia Haqqi, _____ first prize in 1968.
a)
awarded b) was awarded c) was awarding d) is being awarded
2. Yehia Haqqi
is _____ as one of Egypt’s great literary figures.
a)
remembering b) being remembered c) remembers d) remembered
3. His _____ is
the result of his amnesia.
a)
shyly b) shyness c) shying d)
shies
4. Don’t touch
that! It has _____ in it.
a)
poisonous b) poisoning c) poison d)
poisoner
5. We cannot
_____ here because of the flooding.
a)
excavating b) be excavated c) to excavate d) excavate
6. In the film,
the killer left a _____ trail of death.
a)
murderer b) murdering c) murderous d)
murders
7. Mrs Smith
_____ of committing the murder, but I know that she is innocent.
a) is
suspected b) has suspected c) is suspecting d) suspected
8. The ring
_____ while she was washing the dishes.
a) was
lost b) lost c) is lost d)
was losing
9. Before the
rabbit _____, it had eaten half the carrots in the garden.
a) was
caught b) had caught c) was being caught d) caught
10. When we were
small, every day Sally _____ by Mother to serve the tea.
a) is
chosen b) was chosen c) chose d) choose
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. The stuff in
that bottle is filled with poison. (poisonous)
2. His mind is
filled with ideas of suspicion. (suspicious)
3. I never
thought that he was the spy. (suspect)
4. The spies
will transmit their report tonight. (transmitted)
5. Finally he
told the truth. (was)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. Musa was
wrongly called a crime when he punched the man for hitting a dog.
2. We looked at
a lot of houses, but we couldn’t identity the one we saw before.
3. Before he
become a writer, he had worked as a lawyer.
4. Some of these
children knows the difference between right and wrong.
5. Hamlet is
a classic that was wrote by William Shakespeare.
6. The famous
glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum is designed by I.M. Pei in the 1980s.
7. How did the
lawyer manage to prove George’s innocent?
8. Half of the
pets had gone missing before I was assign the duty to take care of them.
4.
Correct the underlined mistakes.
We all thought spying was a thing of the past, but
recently Russian secret agents were caught collecting information in the United
States. Those spyings claimed that they were housewives and
businessmen, but there is evidence showing that they are trying to
gather sensitive information. They claimed that they were innocent, but they
were catching trying to obtain state secretives. They is
transmitted information through ads put in the newspaper. None of the
spies ever got any confidential information. They didn’t seem to be very good
as secret agents, but I am glad they were arrest.
GRAMMAR UNIT 6
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. If we plant
trees, then we _____ cleaner air.
a) will
be having b) have c) will have d)
will has
2. It _____ that
trees protect us from global warming.
a) is
believed b) was believing c) had believed d) believes
3. When I work a
lot in the garden, I _____ no energy at night.
a) had b) have c)
has d) will have
4. When molten
glass cools, it _____.
a) is
hardened b) hardened c) hardens d)
will harden
5. If a tree
becomes weak, it _____ its leaves.
a) lost b) is losing c) has lost d) loses
6. If it freezes
tonight, we _____ heaters out around the orange trees.
a)
places b) place c) are placing d)
will place
7. We should
care about our trees _____ they protect us from global warming.
a) even
though b) although c) when d)
because
8. If ice melts,
you _____ water.
a) have b) are having c) has had d)
haven’t
9. If a tree has
many rings, it _____ very old.
a) has
been b) was c) is d) will be
10. If you strip
the bark off a tree, it _____.
a)
died b) is
dying c) die d) will die
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. Leave now.
You'll catch the bus. (if you)
2. Brush your
teeth every morning. Have a nice smile. (if you)
3. We plant
trees. They help the environment. (because)
4. Put the jelly
in the refridgerator to get hard. (harden)
5. Come in. Hang
up your coat. (when you)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. Tarek plays
the piano and three other musical tools.
2. If the
climate is rainy, the rings on a tree grew faster.
3. If we cut
down the trees, the oxygen level is decrease.
4. Turpentine is
making from the sap of certain trees.
5. Rubber coming
from the sap of rubber trees.
6. If you shower
twice a day, you uses a lot of water.
7. When Samia
painting, she uses turpentine to thin the paint.
8. Because we
have use so much plastic, we require a lot of fossil fuels.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Caring for our planet should be very important to us.
One thing that helps our planet a lot is trees. Trees are provide fruit,
sap, and wood. Oxygen is producing by trees. Also trees shade
us from the sun and make the landscape beautiful. If we cut them down,
they are taking a long time to grow. We need to be very
careful not to cut the bark or break the branches of the trees in our
neighbourhood. If they dying, no one will replace them. Goingto
parks often if you don’t have trees in your neighbourhood. Walking under big,
beautiful trees is refreshing to our minds and bodies.
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. If you
water those plants, a. I am careful.
2. If you
take the bark off a tree, b. it will die.
3. When it
rains, c. I ran to the bank.
4. When I run
out of money, d. they will grow.
5. If I
paint, e. Mai brings an umbrella.
f. I ask my mother for more.
GRAMMAR REVIEW B
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. Oxygen _____
by trees.
a) is
producing b) has produced c) was producing d) is produced
2. If don’t wear
glasses when you need them, your eyes _____.
a) will
suffer b) suffered c) are suffering d) will be suffering
3. Plastic goods
_____ from fossil fuels.
a) is
produced b) are producing c) are produced d) produced
4. If you heat
paper to the right temperature, it _____.
a)
burns b) burn c) is burnt d) will be burning
5. Hannah will
be a good girl if you _____ her something to read.
a) has
given b) had given c) giving d) give
6. Many types of
trees _____ in large gardens like the Orman Gardens.
a) is
found b) is finding c) are found d) finds
7. You waste
your time if you _____ too much television.
a)
watch b) watches c) watched d) are watching
8. Before the
trees were cut down, there _____ a beautiful landscape.
a) has
been b) is c) were d) had been
9. The team
_____ uniforms while they played the practice match.
a) are
wearing b) wore c) wears d) were wearing
10. Rainforests
_____ in areas that have a lot of rain.
a)
grow b) are
grown c) grown d) grows
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. Stand on the
chair. You will fall down. (if)
2. The enemy
army advanced through the city. (invading)
3. Help! My dog
is tearing up the homework. (torn)
4. Six of the
lawyers argued the case successfully. (was)
5. The young man
was proven innocent. (innocence)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. The good
thing is that if we went together, we arrive at the same time.
2. Colds are
transmitter when you don’t cover your mouth while coughing.
3. Be careful
what you say because there are spy in the district.
4. Seven of the
suspect have been convicted.
5. If you don’t
wear a hat in the sun, you would damage your skin.
6. If you went
to bed early, you wake up refreshed.
7. Selma is
visited her grandparents over the weekend.
8. The teapot is
put in the cupboard, and the sugar leaves on the counter.
4. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. Mahmoud
was reading the paper a. it will be two meters high in ten years.
2. If I plant
the tree now, b. you get a good harvest.
3. When Fatma
picked the poisonous plant, c. to do your homework while watching TV.
4. It is not
a good idea d. her hands became red and itchy.
5. If you
care for your garden, e. when his boss entered.
f. it will cause a problem.
GRAMMAR UNIT 7
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Why don't you
want any cake? You _____ eaten that much at dinner.
a) must
not b) cannot c) mustn’t have d) can’t have
2. Climbing
Mount Everest _____ very difficult. The oxygen is very thin at the top.
a) must
have be b) must been c) mustn’t been d)
must have been
3. Taking the
metro would decrease the time we have to _____.
a)
commute b) being commuting c) commuter d) commuting
4. The _____
bank gave the company a large loan to build the dam.
a)
investor b) investment c) investing d) invest
5. If you had
studied more, you _____ passed the exam.
a) must
have b) can’t have c) might have d)
mightn’t have
6. The temple at
Karnak contains _____ stone columns.
a)
masses b) massing c) massive d) mass
7. Mariam might
have _____ a bone when she was eating the fish.
a)
swallow b) swallowing c) swallowed d) swallows
8. You can’t
have _____ the toast because the toaster has a timer.
a)
burnt b) burning c) been burnt d) burns
9. Those shoes
are gorgeous! They _____ cheap.
a)
can’t have been b) can’t have c) mustn’t have d)
mustn’t been
10. Souad _____
remembered our phone number because she called us today.
a) must
have b) can’t have c) mustn’t have d)
might have
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. The Burj
Khalifa is 828 metres high. (height)
2. The Sixth of
October Bridge is approximately 20 kilometres long. (length)
3. The monuments
at Abu Simbel have a large mass. (massive)
4. Dr Hassan is
in a position to take over the clinic. (positioned)
5. The artistic
lighting does not illuminate the hall well. (illuminated)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. You must have
like the film because you can’t stop talking about it.
2. Hieroglyphyics
were carve into the monuments thousands of years ago.
3. After Hany
had been sent to prison, his parents thought they must be raised him wrong.
4. Ahmed has a
very good job so he can't have a lot of money.
5. Samia
mightn’t have gone if she knew her favourite singer was going to be there.
6. Getting those
tickets might have been easy because they have been sold out for weeks.
7. Nadine
mightn’t have left because her coat is still here.
8. The monuments
of Abu Simbel must been difficult to move here because they are massive.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Many people think that building the temples of Abu
Simbel was a great engineering feat, but so was moving them to their current
position. They are now positioning a safe distance from the
flooded valley. Can you believe that each piece weigh over 30
tonnes? And theylifted 60 metres up a cliff. This mightn’t
been achieved without modern technology. People often think of the
wonders that the ancient Egyptians were created in their day,
but what of our own abilities? They also mustn’t have be underestimated.
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. Sami can’t
have done a. have known the answer.
2. Maher
mightn’t have studied b. so hard if he had known the test was easy.
3. The boy
who raised his hand can’t c. very well because he didn’t study.
4. Heba d. was sent home sick.
5. The stone
tablets e. over 60 metres up the cliff.
f. recorded a lost and mysterious history.
GRAMMAR UNIT
8
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. Sami asked,
“What do you mean, Sarah?” Sami asked Sarah what she _____.
a) was
meaning b) means c) meant d) is meaning
2. “I’m going
out,” announced Bassam. Bassam announced he _____ out.
a) went b) has gone c) was going d) is going
3. “Tomorrow
I’ll see Hany,” Gamal said. Gamal said he would see Hany _____.
a)
yesterday b) the
following day c) again d) today
4. “Sawsan won’t
even consider it,” reported Selim. Selim reported that Sawsan _____ even
consider it. a) will b)
wouldn’t c) isn’t d) doesn’t
5. Tasneem
asked, “What are you doing?” Tasneem asked _____ doing.
a) what
am I b) what was I c) what I was d) what I am
6. Fouad
inquired, “Has Hadeer eaten dinner?” Fouad inquired if Hadeer _____ dinner.
a) has
eaten b) ate c) had eaten d) had
7. “This year
we’re going to Dubai,” said Jenna. Jenna said they _____ to Dubai that year.
a) were
going b) have been going c) is going d) went
8. She _____
understood the question because she got it wrong.
a)
shouldn’t have b) can’t have c) wouldn’t have d) won’t have
9. The biologist
said, “These fish swim upstream in the autumn.” The biologist said these fish
_____ upstream in the autumn. a) swim b)
swam c) swum d) are swimming
10. Mariam told
us, “Many elephants are killed each year by illegal hunters.” Mariam told us
that many elephants _____ each year by illegal hunters.
a)
killed b) have
been killed c) was killed d) are killed
2. Change each sentence to reported speech.
1. Sami said,
“The children are going to the beach tomorrow.”
2. “It’s raining
again!” she cried.
3. “Do you know
where the amusement park is?” Mother asked.
4. “Mr Smith has
blackmailed the local politicians,” the paper reported.
5. “I haven’t
any idea who is coming,” Mona said.
3. Change each sentence to direct speech.
1. Khaled said
that his mother was going to make chocolate cake.
2. Heba
complained that the weather was bad.
3. The shop
assistant said the changing rooms were under the stairs.
4. The reporter
asked the secretary whether Mrs Smith was in her office.
5. Leila asked
if she could go to the party on Saturday night.
4. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. On Tuesday
Rishad said he will not have enough money.
2. Khadijah said
she had finished the job the before day.
3. Nehad asked,
“They are leaving at ten o’clock?”
4. I asked him
what was he doing at nine o’clock tonight.
5. I asked her
what was she reading.
6. Ten minutes
ago, Nourhan told me you have left.
7. Leila can’t
have answered the phone because it has stopped ringing.
8. Father asked
mother when would dinner be ready.
|
5. Correct the underlined mistakes.
|
||||
|
Robert Louis Stevenson wrote many well-loved
stories. Many people said he is a masterful storyteller.
Younger people seem to enjoy his fantasy stories. My teacher said his Dr
Jekyll and Mr Hyde was a classic that people continue to
enjoy. My friend Hany asked if do I recommend the book. I
told him it will be the best book he had ever read. If you
like this one, you must like Dracula by
Bram Stoker.
|
||||
|
6. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence
below.
|
||||
|
A
|
B
|
|||
|
1.
|
“When
are you going?” she asked.
|
a.
|
She
said she has met her at noon.
|
|
|
2.
|
“When
will you be going?” she asked
|
b.
|
She
asked when he would be going.
|
|
|
3.
|
“I will
meet her at noon,” she said.
|
c.
|
She
asked when he was going.
|
|
|
4.
|
“I am
meeting her at noon,” she said.
|
d.
|
She
said that she would meet her at noon.
|
|
|
5.
|
“I met
her at noon,” she said
|
e.
|
She
said she was meeting her at noon.
|
|
|
|
|
f.
|
She
said she had met her at noon.
|
|
GRAMMAR UNIT
9
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. A paper towel
with several layers can _____ more liquid than a towel with one layer.
a)
absorb b) absorbing c) absorbtion d)
absorbency
2. If LGD had
served pizza, I _____ there.
a) will eat b) will have eaten c) would have eaten d)
ate
3. If you are in
a rain forest, you _____ rain almost every day.
a)
would see b) see c) have seen d)
saw
4. If I had
taken the time to do it correctly, it _____ out better.
a)
would had come b) would come c) would have came d) would have come
5. If you ride
the bus to Dahab, it _____ seven hours to get there.
a)
would take b) took c) would have taken d) will take
6. The test
_____ been very difficult. You got an A.
a)
can’t have b) could have c) might have d) must have
7. When Hazem
returned from the desert, he said it _____ a terrible night there.
a) is b) will be c) had been d) is
going to be
8. If you stay
up all night tonight, you _____ all day.
a) will
sleep b) slept c) will have slept d) sleep
9. When Sami
stays in Tanta, he _____ in a hotel.
a) will
have slept b) sleeps c) would sleep d) will sleep
10. If I
were you, I _____ more time studying.
a)
would spend b) spent c) am spending d) would have spent
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. It’s raining.
We won’t catch a lot of fish. (if … not)
2. When you look
directly at the sun, you harm your eyes. (harmful)
3. The sun
rises. Farmers get up with the sun to work. (when)
4. You should
take the bus. I would. (if)
5. He would have
been a politician, but he’s shy. (if)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. If you hadn’t
stopped that day, I would never met you.
2. If the moon
goes between the earth and the sun, there is an eclipsed.
3. When Zainab
finished her homework, she usually reads a book.
4. I asked her
how long she had be waiting.
5. If Hisham had
walked all the way, he would been there by now.
6. If it had
rained more, we not have had a drought.
7. If I get
sick, I would not go to school.
8. If Suzy had
be a better speller, she would have won first place.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Scientists say that the earth is heating up. The
hottest years on record have occurred in this decade. If we don’t use less
energy, the earth heats up even more. If the earthheated up
more, there will be more unusual weather. If leaders had listened to the first
scientific warnings, we would not have having so much unusual
weather today. Scientists tell us it’s not too late. If countries act now,
we would have time to avoid climate disaster. If all of us
reduce consumption, we would help to reduce the occurance of
unusual weather. But it will take all of us to achieve this.
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence
below.
A B
1. If I have
a fever tomorrow, a. I stay home from school.
2. If I had
had a fever, b. I wouldn’t have stayed home from school.
3. If I have
a fever, c. I would have stayed home from school.
4. If I had a
fever, d. I’ll stay home from school.
5. If I
hadn’t had a fever, e. I was staying home from school.
f. I would stay home from school.
GRAMMAR
REVIEW C
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b,
c or d.
1. If I _____
you, I would close that door to save energy.
a) was b) were c)
had been d) have been
2. The doctor
said if I had been more careful, I _____ surgery.
a) had
been required b) had never required
c)
never required d) wouldn’t have required
3. Yusuf asked
if _____ thirty pounds that day.
a)
could he borrow b) he could
borrow c) he can borrow d) had he borrowed
4. The biologist
said the body _____ new blood each year.
a) was
produced b) produce c) produces d)
has produced
5. I’m not sure
where he is. It’s possible that Tarek went to fix his car.
a)
Tarek must have gone to fix his car. b)
Tarek has gone to fix his car.
c)
Tarek might have gone to fix his car. d)
Tarek can’t have gone to fix his car.
6. Jehan asked,
“What were you doing all day?”
a)
Jehan asked me what was I doing all day.
b)
Jehan asked me what I had been doing all day.
c)
Jehan asked me what did I do all day.
d)
Jehan asked me what had I done all day.
7. Hatem _____
the dog because she doesn’t seem hungry.
a) must
have fed b) had fed c) can’t have fed d)
mightn’t have fed
8. She _____
caught her bus because she would have been here by now.
a)
can’t have b) might have c) could have d) must have
9. If you _____
all night, you will be exhausted at the time of the test.
a) are
studying b) study c) studied d) have studied
10. I would
live in Marina if I _____ a million pounds.
a) have b) am having c) had d) has
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. You should see
a doctor about that cut. I would. (if)
2. I have money.
I buy my mother a small gift. (when)
3. It may rain
all night. The crops will have plenty of water. (if)
4. The
biographical account of Taha Hussein’s life was well written. (biography)
5. Because you
phoned, I knew you were back from Alexandria. (hadn’t)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. If I start
now, I will finishing in one hour.
2. If you hadn’t
sent me that text saying not to come, I would been there already.
3. She said the
insect bit the child several times.
4. Hany said he
will be there the next day.
5. Sarah asked me
if I was mailed the letter the previous day.
6. Mahmoud and I
love electrical storms when they occurence at night.
7. When the
Yellow River flooded in 1887, a million people were killing.
8. Zeinab asked
Sara what was she doing with the green notebook.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
What is the tallest structure you have been in?
Recently I went to Burj Khalifa. If you have gone to the top with me,
you would have felt dizzy looking down. In fact, if you had taken the lift to
the top, you will be there in minutes. A ride that fast would
have make your ears pop like you were in an aeroplane. Another tall structure is the Eiffel Tower.
It’s not as tall as Burj Khalifa, but that must make you feel ill
climbing for a different reason. There are no walls, so you look straight down
to the ground. If you climb to the top, there will be only a
metal frame between you and the ground. So if I am you, I
would be sure heights don’t scare you before you go up a tall structure.
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. If I had
had some water, a. it would be of better quality.
2. If Fouad
goes on Friday, b. it becomes cooler.
3. When the
sun goes down, c. I would not have felt the heat.
4. If you
cared about it, d. I am not going to be thirsty.
5. If Hany
had gone the day before, e. the problem would have been solved.
f. I will go with him.
GRAMMAR UNIT
10
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. We have several _____ about how this desease
spreads, but we need to do more studies.
a) theoretician b)
theorize c)
theoretical d) theories
2. Her _____ have gone beyond our expectations.
a) achieving b)
achieve c)
achievements d) achieves
3. Sami didn’t work hard in school and now he
_____ he had studied more.
a) wishes b)
wished c) wishing d) wish
4. Jenna wishes she _____ play the guitar like
him.
a) must b)
could c) might d) can
5. Amina wishes she had _____ another course.
a) choose b)
chose c) chosen d) chooses
6. Ramy wishes he _____ where he put the fifty
pounds he misplaced.
a) knowing b)
known c) knows d) knew
7. If the children _____ all day, they would have
been asleep by now.
a) were playing b)
had played c) played d) play
8. If Bassem _____ the office, it would be a
disaster.
a) ran b)
run c) had
run d) runs
9. Selma wants to come but she is ill and has to
stay at home. She wishes she _____ with us.
a) could have b)
could be c) could
been d) could have been
10.Selma
regrets that she was ill yesterday and had to stay at home. She wishes she ___
with us.
a) could have b)
could be c) could
been d) could have been
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. Hesham’s
achievements were greater than our expectations. (achieve)
2. Dr Basma is a
specialist in bone cancer. (specialise)
3. To walk to
Dokki takes one hour. (if)
4. I don’t know
where my other shoe is. Where is it? (wish)
5. Sami doesn’t
know advanced mathematics. He would like to know. (wish)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. Nevine wish she would finance her daughter’s
new business.
2. If she called, I would have picked her up.
3. If it rains tonight, we would go to the mall
instead of the park.
4. Leila wishes she had went with us to the
lecture.
5. We never could have imagined Umar’s fine
achievings.
6. We wish we haven’t missed the eight o’clock
train.
7. If wishes was horses, then beggars would ride.
8. I wish I can paint better.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Being a scientist is a
difficult job that requires dedication as well as abundant knowledge. Many young
people wished they could become scientists, but they do not realising the
amount of work it requires. In fact, some scientists wish research are easier.
If you decided to be a scientist, then remember this old saying: nothing worth
doing comes easily.
GRAMMAR UNIT 11
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Fouad Hassan is the _____ director of our
local bank.
a) finances b)
finance c)
financial d) financier
2. The man’s _____ sat in the third row of the
courtroom.
a) accusation b) accuser c)
accusatory d) accused
3. After Selma _____ to the market, she made a
delicious meal for us all.
a) has gone b)
goes c) go d) had gone
4. A group of us _____ the film already, so we
didn’t want to see it again.
a) sees b)
had seen c) have seen d) were seeing
5. How many times _____ to the north coast before
you bought a chalet there?
a) are you been b) have you been c)
had you been d) were you
6. We recently learned that Samia _____ as a
secret agent for years.
a) has acted b)
is acting c) acted d) had been acting
7. Hany _____ to Turkey last year.
a) had gone b)
went c) has
been d) has gone
8. Before the fireworks went off, we _____
sitting in the square.
a) had b)
have been c) had been d) are
9. While we were waiting, Dawud _____ on the
results of his exam.
a) checks b)
checked c) is
checking d) had checked
10. The girls were going to a restaurant after
they _____ some shopping.
a) had done b)
were doing c) did d) have done
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. They went to the mall. Then they visited
Suad. (after)
2. The phone rang. They were having lunch.
(while)
3. Eman changed some money. Then she phoned
Selma. (before)
4. Fady likes books that view history.
(historical)
5. The man who gave the lecture was very
knowledgeable. (lecturer)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. Mona admitted that she has finished the
chocolate before Mother came home.
2. If I was you, I’d avoid that altogether.
3. Before having dinner with my family, I picks
up a gift for my mother.
4. After the meeting, we returning to our offices
to finish our work.
5. After we had had dinner, we have eaten Hany’s
chocolate cake.
6. Sherif never heard of her before he met her.
7. This is not the point to which Seif objective.
8. I haven’t thought of that before Ahmed
mentioned it.
4. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. After we had
seen our relatives, a. they would have been whiter.
2. Basma stopped
by with a cake b. before she replaced it on its stand.
3. Reem had
repaired the statue c. while I was doing the dishes.
4. If you had
washed those shirts with clorox, d. we went into town.
5. Fatima was
very tired e. because I travel all the time.
f. because she had been travelling all day.
GRAMMAR UNIT 12
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Tamer and I
agreed _____ seven pounds each.
a)
paying b) pay c) to pay d) was paying
2. Selim is so
funny. He stopped _____ television because he said it was rotting his brain.
a) to
watch b) is watching c) watch d) watching
3. Hesham likes
_____ a nap in the afternoon.
a) to
take b) is taking c) took d) taken
4. The school
arranged _____ a new charity this year.
a)
supported b) supporter c) to support d)
supporting
5. Kareem
finished _____ his dinner at 6.30.
a) to
have eaten b) to eat c) eating d) eaten
6. Amina
admitted not _____ how to open the door.
a) to
be known b) knowing c) to know d)
known
7. Ali prefers
_____ to Dahab.
a) to
have flown b) to fly c) is flying d) flew
8. Hany and his
sister practise _____ tennis every day after school.
a)
playing b) to play c) played d) play
9. I regret
_____ you that Nabil will not be joining the team. I know you wanted him with
us.
a)
telling b) to tell c) have told d) am telling
10. Nehad
regrets _____ her mother on her birthday. She should have done it.
a) not
phone b) not phoned c) not phoning d) not to phone
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. I didn’t
forget to turn off the lights. (remember)
2. Let’s meet at
the airport. Everyone said yes. (agreed)
3. Seham took my
pen without asking. She said so. (admitted)
4. Mohamed
almost hit the motorbike. (avoided)
5. Cooking is a
hobby of Marwa’s. (like)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. Does Samia
want come to the mall with us?
2. Khadijah
recommended to read the book Three Cups of Tea.
3. Rehan enjoys
to visit foreign countries because she gets to see so many new things.
4. I don’t need
a ride because I prefer I walk home.
5. Leila is
planning visiting her sister in Aswan this summer.
6. The company
offered paying the travel expenses for each of the employees.
7. Sam expected
his sister coming home early from school since there was a half day.
8. Since her
mother liked going to the opera, Leila hoped buying tickets for next week’s
show.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Who doesn’t like folk
music? There is so much learning about when watching folk performances. I
prefer watching the performers in traditional dress because much are very
beautiful. Folk music often tries reminding us of simpler times. And we learn
understanding the collective problems and hopes of a country through listening
to the lyrics. There are often performances of folk music and dance at the
Gomhouria Theater in the city centre. If you have a chance, gone. You will be
glad you did.
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. Mona promises a. to wash the dishes if she can play longer.
2. Fathy learnt b. baking her mother a cake.
3. Sami dislikes c. retaking the test to better his grade.
4. Seham avoided d. walking long distances because he is small.
5. Hatem suggests e. confronting her teacher by doing extra work.
f. to swim last year.
6. Write each of these verbs in the correct box according to what
follows the verb.
forget – promise – enjoy
– suggest – like – finish – agree – love – practise – plan – regret
arrange – learn –
remember – expect – avoid – offer – prefer – hope – stop – want – decide
-ing form
to
+ infinitive -ing
form or to + infinitive with no change in meaning -ing form or to + infinitive with a change in meaning
GRAMMAR REVIEW D
1. Choose
the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. When I walked
by the shop again, the green dress _____ sold.
a) have
been b) is c) being d) had
been
2. Can you
return this book to the library? I _____ reading it.
a) was
just finished b) have just
finished c) just have finished d) had just finished
3. Hany wishes
he could _____ the spelling contest last week.
a) have
won b) be winning c) won d) had won
4. When we go to
the Chinese restaurant, I want _____ something different.
a) have
tried b) to try c) try d) trying
5. I hate _____
to wash the floor. It’s so much work.
a) was
having b) have c) having d)
had
6. Shereen
forgot _____ eggs at the supermrket when she was there.
a)
bought b) buying c) having to buy d)
to buy
7. After Dumas
had become a famous playwright, he _____ The Count of Monte Cristo.
a) was
writing b) had written c) wrote d) to write
8. When the
doctor arrived at the house, it was too late. The patient _____.
a) had
died b) dying c) is dying d) died
9. Hany wishes
he _____ where his car keys were.
a) is
knowing b) have known c) knows d) knew
10. The new
graduates hoped _____ jobs soon.
a)
getting b) have gotten c) to get d) to have gotten
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. I don’t like
water in my eyes at all. (get)
2. The children
had fun seeing the film at the cinema. (enjoyed)
3. We are meeting
at the coffee shop. (agreed)
4. Aisha regrets
not joining us for dinner yesterday. (wish)
5. Hossam
finished his homework. Afterwards he went out to play. (when)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. The girls
wish I had bake a cake instead of biscuits.
2. The company
agreed to paying back the money to the dissatisfied customer.
3. Selma wishes
she were taller because she would like to been a basketball player.
4. Yesterday I
met a man who has travelled to Russia years ago.
5. Oh no, I
forgot to stopping by Hazem’s house to pick up those papers.
6. Mother
offered taking Suzy home with us, but she refused.
7. Father
remembers to receive his grandfather's watch when he was a teenager.
8. Father
suggested to go to Alexandria for the weekend.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
Water, more than anything else, is essential to life.
Conserving our water resources should be a top priority. Egypt is a dry country
that got most of its water from the Nile and a large underground aquifer.
With increased water usage, many expect seeing a reduction of the
aquifer. Instead of planting grass around your house, many experts suggest put
in plants that need less water. They also advise to turning off the
water when it’s not in use. Many resorts in Europe don’t want washing
the guests' towels every day to conserve water. Maybe Egyptian hotels should
suggest done this as well. Water is life, and we must take care of it.
GRAMMAR
UNIT 13
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Jailan, _____
lives on my street, said there was a problem with the water.
a) whom b) who c)
which d) whose
2. Selim asked
_____ my mobile phone for the evening.
a) to
borrow b) borrowing c) for borrowing d) borrowed
3. These are the
fields _____ we grow corn.
a) in
which b) for which c) that d)
at which
4. Hans, _____
car I borrowed last night, is from Holland.
a) whom b) whose c)
who d) that
5. Five of the
girls, _____ names I don’t remember, won awards in maths.
a)
those b) which c) whom d)
whose
6. The brother
_____ lives in Moscow is coming home on Friday.
a) whom b) where c)
that d) whose
7. Moscow, _____
the smog from wildfires was thick, was having air quality problems.
a)
where b) who c) that d) which
8. The meetings
_____ I attended today were long and boring.
a) to
which b) where c) in where d) which
9. I have no
idea who _____ was at the door.
a) who b) which c)
where d) that
10. The
restaurant _____ Fady is having dinner has a great salad bar.
a) for
which b) which c) where d) that
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. Those are the
things. They are to be put on the shelves. (which)
2. Shaimaa
accepted a job at Reuters. She’s an excellent writer. (who)
3. The professor
is teaching me this term. He got his degree in London. (that)
4. These are the
pesticides. We recommend not using them. (which)
5. Sami went to
the Sorbonne. He studied political science there. (where)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. Yasser argues
at better salaries for teachers.
2. Miss Mona
inspires all her students to working hard.
3. Her work,
that was not appreciated when she was young, made her famous when she was
older.
4. Dr Aisha, who
work took up much of her time, was a professor of Arabic.
5. These are the
stories with whose we were brought up.
6. Cairo
University is the university in where Eman studies medicine.
7. Rehan wanted
us coming to her birthday party on Saturday.
8. Florence
Nightingale, which changed the way hospital care was given, opened a school of
nursing.
4. Correct the underlined
mistakes.
What makes a woman great? There have been many women which
have not only made great personal achievements but have also made profound
contributions to society. For example, the work of Marie Curie, that was the
only person to win Nobel Prizes in both Chemistry and Physics, laid the
foundation for the treatment of many diseases. She was the first woman to hold
the position of Professor of General Physics in the Faculty of Sciences at the
Sorbonne, for which opened the door for women to enter the sciences. Jane
Goodall, who research of chimpanzees also opened doors for women in the
sciences, gave us greater insight into the world around us. Through her great
efforts, we now know far more about ourselves and our environment.
GRAMMAR UNIT
14
1. Choose the correct
answer from a, b, c or d.
1. _____ his
poor behaviour, Bassem is a really sweet boy.
a)
While b) Despite c) Although d) But
2. _____
visiting Rome, Aisha broke her camera.
a)
Because b) Despite c) While d)
Although
3. _____ Mona
had many challenges to overcome, she worked very hard to achieve her goals.
a)
Although b) Despite c) So d)
Before
4. I always
brush my teeth _____ going to bed.
a)
before b) after c) while d)
when
5. Rolex watches
are costly _____ they are made with expensive materials.
a) but b) when c)
because d) although
6. Yara is
short, _____ her perfect posture makes her appear tall.
a)
before b) while c) despite d)
but
7. Enas couldn’t
find her crystal earrings, _____ she asked her sister to look in the car.
a)
because b) but c) so d)
after
8. _____ leaving
his home town, he founded a company and became well known.
a)
Although b) Because c) While d)
After
9. _____ losing
her arm in a car accident, Heba was always positive.
a)
Despite b) Because c) Although d) While
10. _____
on vacation, I met my future fiancée.
a)
After b) While c) Although d)
Despite
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. Kareem had
problems. He helped a lot of people. (despite)
2. Selma likes
ice cream. She likes cheesecake more. (although)
3. Fady owns a
Lada. His brother Fathi has a BMW. (but)
4. We left the
house. The washing machine wasn’t on. (when)
5. Ahmed
graduated. Then he decided to take some time off to travel. (after)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. Although her
low grades, Ghada did well on her project and passed.
2. The traffic
jam was ten kilometres long, while we decided to take another road.
3. Dr. Ghali,
who clinic is down the street, is a cancer specialist.
4. Can you tell
me which the bookshop is?
5. Hany’s shop
has a good meat selection, although Farid’s has fabulous baked goods.
6. Tarek was
having a great time despite we were waiting for him.
7. He was often
punished although he bullied the other children.
8. Although he
was a student at Oxford, he joined the debating club.
4. Match the phrases and
rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. Tamer and I
had some money a. she made dessert too.
2. After winning
the race, b. Bashir took his car keys and sunglasses.
3. While mother
was preparing dinner, c. Sara celebrated.
4. Despite
having diabetes, d. after she had coffee.
5. When he left
the house, e. so we went to the cinema.
f. Ali
continued to eat a lot of sugar.
GRAMMAR UNIT
15
1. Choose the correct
answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Scientists say that by 2020, the glaciers in
Montana _____.
a) are melting b)
will have melted c) melt d) have melted.
2. Environmentalists hope that in the next ten
years more electricity _____ by alternative energies.
a) will be produced b) has been produced c) produced d) is being produced
3. By the time your children are in university,
will physical books _____ by e-books?
a) have replacing b) have replaced c)
replaced d) have been replaced
4. By 2100, many of our jobs _____ over by robots.
a) will be taken b) will have taken c)
will have been taken d) have been
taken
5. What changes _____ by 2060?
a) will be making b) will have been made
c) will make d) will have been making
6. What changes _____ over the next 50 years?
a) will be made b)
made c) have been made d) will make
7. Marwa entered university in 2010. By 2014, she
_____ her studies.
a) has completed b) will have completed c)
did complete d) completed
8. Marwa entered university in 2010. By 2014, her
studies _____.
a) will have completed b) will complete c) will be completing d) will have been completed
9. Many people hope that petrol _____ so much in
the future.
a) will not have been used
b) has not been used c) will
not be used d) is not used
10. It’s nine o’clock now. By two o’clock three
meetings _____ in our company.
a) will be holding b) will have held c) will have been held d) held
11. By 2020 the International Space Station _____
in orbit for 22 years.
a) will keep b) will be kept c)
will have been kept d) will have
been keeping
12. Scientists are concerned whether enough food
_____ in the future for so many people.
a) will be produced b)
is produced c) will have produced d) was produced
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. In the
future, wind power will produce some of our energy. (produced)
2. By 2014, the
builders will have finished the project. (been)
3. Despite my
broken arm, I attend my classes. (although)
4. There are
predictions about the future all the time. (made)
5. Before I
finish work today, I will drink tens cups of coffee. (by the time)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. By the time
Dad gets home, the children will have being fed.
2. All the
police cars will have been wash by noon today.
3. By 2016, the
bridge will has been completed.
4. By tomorrow
morning, the book will has been bought by 30,000 people.
5. The game will
delayed if it rains this evening.
6. Over the next
twenty years, 4 million Go-Go Pops will have been sold.
7. For hundreds
of years, an enormous quantity of paper have been used to produce books.
8. By next year,
the old museum will has been replaced by a new one.
4. Correct the underlined
mistakes.
Many people like to make predictions. But predictions
must be making on what we already know today. For example, today we have
electronic books. So we may be able to predict that by 2020 many people will
switch from paper books to electronic books. However, we cannot predict the
death of the paper book.
We can predict that electronic books, who cost about
LE 1600 today, will have been used in the future because they are convenient.
But over the next ten years, paper books will still be reading because many
people will not been able to afford the luxury of an expensive electronic book.
Another factor is that many of us like the feel of a
book and the old way of reading. My prediction is that we will have had both
paper and the electronic books for a long time to come.
GRAMMAR REVIEW
E
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. This is the
place _____ Hany broke his leg last year.
a) whom b) who c)
which d) where
2. By 2020, the
ICDL certificate _____ by hundreds of millions.
a)
earned b) will have been earned c) have earned d) will have earned
3. _____ you go
to the supermarket, buy some tea, please. There's no hurry.
a)
Whoever b) Wherever c) Whatever d)
Whenever
4. _____ we were
eating our breakfast, the phone rang.
a)
Although b) But c) While d)
So
5. Despite _____
too much work, Othman still made time for his daughter.
a) had
had b) he had c) to have d) having
6. This is the
letter _____ was returned unopened.
a) who b) that c)
where d) how
7. By the end of
this month, 500,000 meals _____ in this restaurant since its opening.
a) will
have been served b) will serve
c) had
served d) will be served
8. Maher is a
good basketball player _____ he is short.
a)
because b) despite c) so d)
although
9. The town
_____ I grew up in had only 2,400 residents.
a)
where b) who c) which d)
when
10. _____
Basma had never met Doaa before, she felt as if she had known her all her life.
a) Despite b) Although c)
While d) When
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. In the
future, we will recycle most of our plastics. (recycled)
2. Over the
coming years, most of our corn will be replaced by genetically modified corn.
(By 2012)
3. Despite his
promises to the voters, the mayor didn't bring any new jobs to the city.
(although)
4. Ibrahim broke
his leg. He spent a month in hospital. (after)
5. Dalia likes
cheesecake, but she eats jelly because it is lighter. (although)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. After trying
on shoes, you should always wear socks.
2. Although he
worked hard, he became a leader in his field.
3. Sousan highly
recommends the book Middlesex, who won the Pulitzer Prize in 2003.
4. By this time
tomorrow, the suspect's photo will have being distributed to all the
newspapers.
5. So it was
unusual for women to study at university, Marie Curie did so.
6. Farida, who
father was recently imprisoned, has been very unhappy.
7. Before Dawud
took the stomach medicine, he felt better.
8. Kareem was in
a car accident who nearly cost him his life.
4. Match the phrases and
rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. By 2015, the
machines at the factory a. who will play the piano for your party.
2. Some time
tomorrow, the silver b. will be cleaned for the party.
3. Although we
haven’t got a lot, c. that will help him because he is blind.
4. Yasmine has a
sister d. we have our health and happiness.
5. Seif bought a
new puppy e. that friendship I admire.
f. will
have been fitted with new gears.
GRAMMAR UNIT 16
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Hany was in
Mansour for one week. Siham asked him what he _____ there.
a) does b) doing c)
has been doing d) had been doing
2. Mrs Osama
asked me if my parents _____ where I was.
a)
knows b) knew c) had known d)
know
3. By tomorrow
afternoon, I _____ all my exams.
a) will
have finished b) have finished c) will be finishing d) finishes
4. Hassan
wondered where the keys _____.
a) put b) are putting c) were put d)
are put
5. I didn’t
complete my homework yesterday. Today, Miss Eman asked why I _____ it.
a) have
completed b) completed c) wasn’t completing d) hadn’t completed
6. “Are you
planning to see Hamlet at the Shakespeare Festival next week?”
Rana asked if we _____ to see Hamlet at the
Shakespeare Festival next week.
a) have
been planning b) have planned c) were planning d)
plans
7. “Why do you
want to study abroad?” Yasser asked me
why I _____ to study abroad.
a)
wants b) have wanted c) wanting d) wanted
8. By tomorrow
afternoon, I _____ 1500 kilometers.
a) will
have travelled b) travel c) am travelling d) travelled
9. “Hany, do you
prefer ice cream or cake?” Grandpa asked Hany if he _____ ice cream or cake.
a) is
preferring b) had preferred c) preferred d) has preferred
10. “Who did you
see over the summer holiday?” Mai asked
me who I _____ over the summer holiday. a) sees b)
had seen c) seen d)
have seen
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. “Does Ismail
know the way to the market?” Fatima asked. (if)
2. “Why do you
want to visit Damascus?” Heba asked. (wanted)
3. “Do Leila and
Maryam enjoy going to the library?” mother asked. (whether)
4. By next week
the workers will have completed the project. (completed)
5. “What is the
time?” Boutros asked.
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. Hany and his
brother wanted to know if we play squash yesterday.
2. Nourhan and
Salma asked their mothers if they have had mobile phones when they were young.
3. By 2100,
petrol-run cars will be drive only by the very wealthy.
4. By 2100,
petrol-run cars have become old-fashioned.
5. Gamal asked
if we was going to the cinema today.
6. Othman asked
if his brother has gone to work today.
7. Farid asked
me which countries I visited.
8. The cakes
will had been delivered to all the customers by the end of the day.
9. Reda asked if
I travelled all over Europe on my bicycle.
4. Correct the underlined
mistakes.
When you are looking for a job, you must not only have
good answers, but you must also ask good questions. For example, when your
interviewer asks what are your shortcomings, you must find something that can
be improved. You can’t just say that you have no shortcomings and are perfect.
That is an unbelieved statement. You may also find that you asked what your
good qualities are. Stick to one or two points so you sound conscience rather
than overly proud. After the interviewer stops asking questions, it was your
turn.
Always sound positive. Your questions should show that
you have done some research on the company. “I see the company is advancing
into other markets. What additional time I will have to work on market
research?” would be a positive question. Ask questions that show you care about
the company’s future and illustrate that you would be an asset.
GRAMMAR UNIT
17
1. Choose the correct
answer from a, b, c or d.
1. I expect
_____ to come to dinner. a) she b) they c) him d) we
2. Before they
travelled, the headmaster _____ the students to watch their bags in the
airport.
a)
telling b) have told c) told d)
tells
3. Mother _____
the children to brush their teeth before bed.
a)
telling b) said to c) said d)
told
4. Rehan asked
_____ to have dessert at her house.
a) me b) myself c) I d) mine
5. When does
Tarek _____ us to do this?
a) is
wanting b) wanted c) wants d)
want
6. How much are
we _____ to dig out of the garden for the new trees?
a)
expects b) expected c) expect d) have
expected
7. Soha admitted
_____ a lie when she was first asked.
a)
telling b) to tell c) had told d) was telling
8. Our parents
encouraged us _____ hard at everything we do.
a)
worked b) works c) working d) to
work
9. The lifeguard
instructed people not _____ near the rocks.
a)
having swum b) to swim c) swam d)
swimming
10. He
suggested _____ closer to the beach.
a) to
swim b) swimming c) had swum d) swam
2. Rewrite using the words
in brackets to give the same meaning.
1. Hani advised
his son, “Work hard, son.” (to)
2. “Are you
going to Marina for the summer?” Miss Maryam asked us. (if)
3. “When did you
return?” Sami asked me. (I)
4. I learned
many things from my mother. (taught)
5. His mother
said, “Come home.” (told)
3. Find the mistake in each
sentence, and then write it correctly.
1. The flooding
forced us remain inside the house.
2. While chasing
the thieves, the policeman managed to avoid to hit the bicyclist.
3. Every year my
husband and I invite my students having dinner with us.
4. The neighbour
sternly warned the children not to waking up her baby.
5. The woman
asked us give her dog a bone.
6. She asked us
to not climb over her fence.
7. The baby
enjoyed to play in the water.
8. Mr. Hazem
asked my why I wants to work for his company.
4. Read the paragraph.
Circle the correct word in parentheses.
John Steinbeck wrote about everyday people. Often his
stories instruct us (to have – having – had) compassion towards others. They
achieve this by showing people who have (been – be – are being) cruel or
greedy. Steinbeck forces us (looks – looking – to look) at people who suffer
because of their circumstances. Often there is tragedy in his novels, but in
this tragedy he asks his reader (understanding – to understand – understood)
the events that caused the misfortune. Many people dislike (being – to be –
been) saddened by his stories, but they realise that problems that are hidden
are never (resolving – resolved - resolves.) Steinbeck does us a great service
by making us look at what we often do not want (seeing – to see – sees.)
GRAMMAR UNIT
18
1. Choose
the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. We _____ go
to Al-Azhar Park tomorrow. We haven’t decided yet.
a)
might b) have
to c) should d) must
2. _____ we have
eggs or beans for breakfast tomorrow? You choose.
a)
Should b) Might c) Need d) Could
3. We _____ be
sensitive to and respectful of people’s differences.
a)
might b) need c) could d) should
4. _____ you
make that noise? It really is annoying.
a) Can b) Could c) Must d) Might
5. Mum said we
_____ go out for ice cream after dinner.
a) have b) need c) could d) must
6. Penguins and
emus are birds that _____ fly.
a)
could not b) cannot c) may not d) should not
7. Kareema and
Hany _____ go shopping yesterday because the shops were all closed.
a)
shouldn’t b) can’t c) couldn’t d) mightn’t
8. Do you _____
wear those shoes to work? Are they part of the dress code?
a) have
to b) must c) should d) could
9. Yasmin _____
be careful with what she eats because she has diabetes.
a)
would b) needs
to c) should d) could
10. Yusuf and
Hani _____ be home by eight. That’s a family rule.
a)
has to b) could c) can d) have to
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. If it stops
raining, we’ll go shopping. (can)
2. It would be
better if you found a new job. (should)
3. “See a
doctor, Fathy,” mother encouraged. (to)
4. Listen to
your mother. (have)
5. For good
dental hygiene, brush your teeth at least twice a day. (need)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. If you need
help with your mathematics, you should to ask your uncle Hany for help.
2. Aisha, must
you watch Tamer for a few hours while I go shopping?
3. I’m your
father and I’m telling you. You mightn’t study with the television and the
radio on.
4. Farid might
to work harder to perform better on his exams.
5. At the
weekend, Omar found a great shop where he might buy inexpensive shoes.
6. Heba is going
to Mai’s house although she has to help Mai with her homework.
7. Musa was
warned not entering the old building because it is dangerous.
8. We stayed
later than we planned because Dalia said we might try her cake.
4. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. To
broaden your mind, you should a. try to do well in everything you do.
2. To be a
person of quality, you must b. enrolled in a class last year.
3. Don’t
miss the date. You have to c. apply before the end of December.
4. For
some exercise, you might d. be a lifelong learner.
5. That’s
silly. You cannot e. take up walking or dancing.
f. learn without making an effort.
GRAMMAR REVIEW
F
1. Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d.
1. Nihal asked
Tasneem what she _____ since her return from Fez.
a) had
been doing b) does c) did d) will be doing
2. Malek wanted
to know where the workers _____ the electronic equipment
a) were
stored b) stores c) have stored d) had stored
3. Hesham asked
if I _____ thirty-five pounds he could borrow.
a) had
had b) have c) had d) am having
4. Mother
invited all the neighbours in the building _____ my 21st birthday.
a) have
celebrated b) to celebrate c) celebrating d) celebrate
5. Leila’s
mother called and _____ her to return home.
a) said b) told c) saying to d) told to
6. Fathy
suggested we all _____ him at his farm in Sharqia.
a) to
visit b)
visiting c) visit d) visited
7. Tamer asked
_____ three pizzas for the party.
a) his
brother to buy b) to his brother to
buy c) his brother bought d) to his brother bought
8. Sit down,
young man. We _____ to have a talk about your low scores!
a)
could b)
should c) might d) have
9. Don’t forget
that Nevine...to take her medicine at seven pm. It’s important that she take it
on time.
a) must b) needs c) should d) can
10. We _____
find the address, so we went to a cafe for some refreshment.
a)
shouldn’t b) mustn’t c) couldn’t d) hadn’t
2. Rewrite using the words in brackets to give the
same meaning.
1. I recommend
that you think about that again. (should)
2. Sam advised
his son, “Take the position temporarily.” (to)
3. “Do you know
the answer?” Mrs Hanam asked. (whether)
4. Be there on
time. (need)
5. It’s
important that you give more attention to your studies. (must)
3. Find the mistake in each sentence, and then write
it correctly.
1. The captain
ordered the soldiers dig some holes.
2. Fishing
forces you relaxing.
3. "Hamburgers
is a waste of money and not very healthy," said mom.
4. I advise to
you take the train because it’s cheaper.
5. Heba asked if
Yusuf driven a car or a motorcycle.
6. The coast
guard warned the swimmers getting out of the water after a shark was seen.
7. Reem should
have gone home because I can't find her anywhere.
8. Rehan might
not play tennis because no one has shown her how.
4. Correct the underlined mistakes.
There are many advantages to online learning, but have
you considered the disadvantages? One disadvantage may be cost. You would must
to buy a computer and have a good internet connection. Another is not
having the community of learners that finds in a classroom. You cannot
expect the professor answering a question immediately. You also do not
have classmates to interact with. Many people think that you might have
this type of interaction to learn best. This interaction allows you acquire
knowledge more completely. You have many more ideas when you open up
discussion. Another important disadvantage is lonliness because you don't get
out and see others. Do you had to have a class full of people to help
you learn? No. But the flow of ideas and the joy of human interaction make the
experience far more rewarding.
5. Match the phrases and rewrite each sentence below.
A B
1. You
should be a. her sister to study hard.
2. You
cannot expect b. kind to others.
3. Selma
avoids c. must follow directions.
4. Mai
encourages d. to get good grades without studying.
5. There
are rules that e. must be followed.
f. taking that route home because of traffic.
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