Unit 2 3rd Year

Unit ( 2 ) "Hope : The Prisoner of Zenda "سجين زندا " "

1- Vocabulary

classics(is)(Greek-Rome)

العلم القديم للغة والأدب

( سنه - مكانtake place in (

يحدث – يتم

couple

زوج ( أشخاص – أوقات)

place = take  place ofمفعولtake

يحل محل

debate (organized discussion)

مناظرة - مناقشه

reduce( global warmingالأحتباس)

يقلل

escapism

التهرب من الواقع

astonishment

الدهشة

well-educated

متعلم تعليم جيد

candidates

مرشحين لمنصب أو وظيفة

fictional  ( hero) ( country)

خيالى

have power

يملك سلطة

Publication (something you read)

طبع، نشر

forms of

أشكال

sign

لافته - اشارة – علامة – رمز – يوقع

hero / heroine

بطل \ بطله

prisoner

سجين

poet /poetry/ poems

شاعر\ شعر\ قصائد شعر

occasion ( great )

مناسبة

married

تزوج

coronation

تتويج، حفلة تتويج ملك أو ملكه...الخ

immediately

فورا – فى الحال

castle

قلعة (مكان للتتويج مراسم و حماية عند الهجوم)

politics ( is)

علم السياسة

Popular (with)

محبوب - شعبى

find out

يكتشف

activities ( do)

أنشطة

a wedding reception

publish

ينشر – يوزع ( كتاب- مجله – قصه – جريده)

a successful adventure

مغامرة ناجحة

have the right to (do something)

لديه الحق أن

protect (from)

يحمى من

athletics (is)

العاب القوى ( مفرد)

speaking tour

جولة للمناظرة

alike

متشابهان – على حد سواء

at the same time

فى نفس الوقت

identical ( twins)

متشابهان  ( توأم)

rescue

ينقذ

attend

يحضر (بنفسه الى مكان )

end happily

تنتهى بسعادة

wealthy

غنى

say good bye to

يودع

kidnap

يخطف شخص

take advice from

يأخذ نصيحة من

entertainment

تسلية وترفية

a sports club

نادى رياضى

print

يطبع

make regular visits to

يعمل زيارات منتظمة

formal

رسمى

as planned

كما كان مخطط له

organized discussion

مناقشة مرتبه ومنظمة

remain for ever

يبقى للأبد – يظل للأبد

ready for

مستعد لـ

live the life of

يعيش حياه الـ

give a talk to

أعطى حديث لـ

attackers ( castle)

المهاجمين

architecture

الهندسة المعمارية

breaking in

الاقتحام

ceremony

مراسم - احتفال

lock(in)#free

يغلق على- يحبس# يحرر

morally allowed

مسموح أخلاقيا

مصدرv to be + about to

على وشك أن

central Europe

أوربا الوسطى

what was so special about?

ما الذى ميز...؟

the future king

ملك المستقبل \ القادم

imprison (v)

يسجن

not in the least=not at all

إطلاقا- أبدا على الإطلاق

imprisonment ( 4 years…..)

السجن ( حكم )

lawyer = solicitor

محامى

adventure novels

روايات المغامرة

have plenty of free time

لديه الكثير من الفراغ

make someone popular

يجعل شخص مشهور

put down

يحقر / يضع / يقمع

do a lot of good

يقوم بالكثير من الأشياء الجيدة

2- Some definitions

Classics	study of the language and history of the ancient Greeks and Romans	الكلاسيكية
Couple	two people or two periods of time.	زوج
debate	formal, organized discussion on an important subject.	مناظرة
fictional	not real, invented by a writer .	خيالى
publication	when a book is printed and available to buy.	طبع، نشر
escapism	entertainment that helps people to forget about their worries	تهرب
Castle	a wedding reception and stop attackers from breaking in	قلعه
Well- educated	having had a good education.	متعلم جيد
coronation	a ceremony when someone becomes a king or a queen.	تتويج
alike	almost exactly the same, similar.	متشابهان
wealthy	Having a lot of money.	ثرى
the right to	You are morally allowed to do something.	له الحق
Occasion	an important event or ceremony	مناسبة

3- Language Notes:

1- take place   يحدث                                                  - The story takes place in the 19^th century.

- take  صفة ملكية place = take place ofيحل محل       - He takes her place.

2-شخص  look likeيشبه                        شخص   - Hany looks like his brother .

الأشخاص - look alikeيبدو متشابهان                   - Hany and his brother look alike

3- likeمثل     /  alike          على السواء-متشابه                - Some twins are more alike than others.

- unlike               بخلاف – علي العكس من                       - Unlike his brother, he is very clever. 

4- a couple of    زوج  يمكن فصلهم (أشخاص- وقت)         - She should be here in a couple of hours.

- a pair of (shoes-trousers)        زوج لا يفصل         - I bought a pair of shoes.

- double مزدوج / يضاعف (عدد أو كمية)                          - He booked a double room.       

5- Classicsالعلم القديم لدراسة اللغة والأدب                      - Classics is the study of the language and history of the ancient Greeks and Roman.

- Classical  ( music – language ) تقليدى – قديم      - classical music ,architecture, composer

- Classic                                              نموذجى            - example / mistake / symptom / style / design

6- fiction ( n.)                        خيال قصصى                    - Novels are usually works of fiction.

- fictional  ( hero) ( country) ( adj.)   خيالى            - Oliver Twist is a fictional hero.

7- life الحياة بوجه عام (لا تسبق بأداة ولا تجمع )                  - Life is full ups and downs. Life isn't a race.

- the life of  تجمع) )حياة شخص معين      - The life of our Prophet is full of lessons and wisdom.

8-  في الجملة الأولى   لأنها تعتبر صفة:    ( اسم مفرد   +  صفه ) year          لاحظ :  عدم جمع كلمه

- He was a nine-year-old boy. /     ولكنHe was nine years old . 

9- kidnap ( يخطف شخصا ( طمعا فى فدية                         - Two businessmen were kidnapped by terrorists.

- Hijack يخطف شيئ  ( عربة ـ طائرة  )                  - The plane was hijacked by two armed men

- Snatch يخطف شيئ من شخص                                      - She snatched the gun from his hand.

10- It took me / Alaa two / three hours to do sth.

4- Useful phrases and expressions

·      The story takes place in..... ·      who is about to become ·      to attend the coronation of ·      surprised to discover that ·      they are so alike = almost identical ·      talk excitedly about the coronation.                                                                      ·      However, on the night of  ·      have the right to be the next king ·      so that he can become the next king ·      make visits / friends/ a plan/  money ·      reduce global warming

·      he is popular with some people ·      by taking his cousin place. ·      the two men look so alike, ·      nobody realizes what is happening ·      the coronation takes place as planned. ·      He lives the life of the king ·      decides to rescue ·      says goodbye to his friends ·      find out what has really happened ·      take advice from ·      give a talk to / advice to

5- prepositions

kind of			نوع من	harmful to		ضار لـ
express opinion on/about			يعبر عن رأيه  في	ready for			مستعد لـ - جاهز لـ
be interested in.			مهتم بـ	Protect from				يحمى من
Popular with		محبوب لـ		attend to				ينوى ان
decide toمصدر		قرر أن		surprise toمصدر				يندهش أن
on the night		فى ليله		say good bye to				يودع
belong to		ينتمي لـ		fall (fell- fallen) off ( horse)				يقع من أعلى
breaking in		الاقتحام		well-known for				مشهور (معروف)
good speaker in		متحدث جيد في		special about				خاص حول
write for	يكتب في جريدة / مجلة			by then	آنذاك  / في هذه الأثناء

6- functions :What you say when………………

Surprise	interest
Oh, really? Are you sure? I'm surprised to hear that . Good Heavens!   \ Extraordinary. I am surprised. It is amazing!	It's fantastic / great. I'm mad about / crazy about/ fan of … I like it. I am interested in + v + ing / اسم

7- Grammar unit ( 2 )" Subject-verb agreement : special cases "

1- Countable nouns

1- الأسماء المعدودة يمكن أن تكون مفرد أو جمع والاسم المفرد منها لابد أن نضع قبله أداة نكرة  ( a / an ) : a pen / an apple

2- يمكن أن نضع قبلها مباشرة رقم من الأرقام : one pen / two minutes / three pens

3- - يمكن أن نضع قبل الأسماء المعدودة الجمع أحد الكلمات الآتية :

 many / a lot of / several / (a) few / Someالإثبات - سؤال اقتراح - طلب)  ) / any لنفى – السؤال العادى))

4- يمكن أن نجمع الأسماء المعدودة المفرد بإضافة  ( s / es / ies ) للاسم المفرد :

A pen è pens         a dish è dishes                 a study è studies

2- Uncountable nouns

1- الأسماء الكميه ( التي لاتعد ) لا يمكن أن نضع قبلها أداة نكرة  ( a / an ) وهي غالباً مفرد.

2- - لا يمكن أن نضع قبلها مباشرة رقم من الأرقام.

3- لا يمكن أن نضع قبلها مباشرة many / several / (a) few

ولكن يمكن أن نضع قبلها مباشرة أحد الكلمات الآتية :

Much / a lot of / (a) little / Some الإثبات - سؤال اقتراح - طلب)) / any  النفى – السؤال العادى))

4- لا يمكن جمعها بإضافة  ( s / es / ies ) عليها ولكن يمكن جمعها بطريقة التجزئة أي نضع قبلها أحد أدوات التجزئة الآتية :

a piece of – a bit of – an item of - a slice of - a glass of –  a cup of – a tube of - a ball of

a piece of information è 2/3/4 pieces of information

3 – Nouns and noun phrases which refer to groups

1- الأسماء التي تشير إلى مجموعه يمكن أن ياتى معها فعل مفرد أو جمع أو جمع فقط  مثل

الأفعال المفردة والأفعال الجمع

Singular verbs like                  الأفعال المفرده مثل	Plural verbs like   الأفعال الجمع مثل
is – was – has – does – likes - plays	are – were – have – do – like – play

2- أسماء يأتي معها دائما فعل جمع مثل :  

Police	The police are still looking for the thief.
people	People admire him for his courage .

3- أسماء يأتي معها فعل مفرد أو جمع مثل:   

ولكن يأتي بعدها مفرد إذا كانت تشير الى مجموعة واحدة       *  يأتي بعدها جمع  إذا كانت تشير إلى أكثر من فرد ( أعضاء المجموعة )

Team / crowd / gang / population / youth / army / company / group / staff / crew / couple /   navy / / university / family

The Egyptian team is going to play the match	All the team are going to play except Ali
A group of people is watching the match .	The group are travelling to London.

4- أسماء تشبه الجمع ولكن يأتي معها مفرد

الأسم الذى يأتي بعده مفرد	السبب	Example
Ten million pounds	اى مبلغ من المال	Ten million pounds is a lot of money.
Fifty litres of petrol	اى وزن أو عبوه من....	Fifty litres of petrol fills my car.
Five kilometers	اى مسافة	Five kilometers is a long way to walk.
Forty minutes	اى مده	Forty minutes is a long time to wait .
Three plus seven	عمليه الجمع والضرب	Three plus seven equals ten .

5- أسماء تنتهي بحرف الـ s ولكن يأتي معها مفرد:    

classics- politics – maths - physics- mathematics – statistics – economics	مواد دراسية	Physics is my best subject at school .
athletics – gymnastics - howls – billiards – dominoes – Cards	العاب رياضيه	Athletics is my favourite sport.
news – measlesمرض الحصبة	اسم كمي	The news is on Ch 1 at nine o'clock

6- أسماء تنتهى بحرف الـ s وهي جمع  وليس لها مفرد مثل :

shoes / trousers/ jeans / shorts / pants /pajamas / scissors / glasses / scales

- My shoes are dusty so I need to polish them.- My pair of shoes is dusty so I need to polish it.

- My trousers were torn.

" ملاحظلات عامة"

1- الفعل المنتهي ب ing و المصدر المسبوق بـ ( to ) والجمل الاسمية تأخذ فعل مفرد 

- Reading books and magazines is my favourite hobby.

- To pass my exams is my next goal .

- What he is doing pleases us all.

2- لاحظ مع هذه التعبيرات الفعل يتبع الفاعل الأول

             (together with / along with / as well as / besides / in addition to  )

The library together with bookstores provides books

*The bookstores together with the library provide books .

3- الفعل مع هذه التعبيرات يتبع الفاعل الأقرب

            ( Not only  …but also / either….or / neither….nor)

- Either the library or bookstores  are open .

- Either the bookstores or the library is open   / Neither the twins nor he is here

4-الأسماء التي تشتق من الصفات لتصف فئة من الناس تعامل معاملة الجمع  the young / the rich / the old / the poor ))

- The young want to grow up fast .   *The old want to be younger .

Mini-exam on Unit (2)

1) Respond to the following situations.

1.    You’ve just been on an adventure holiday to Peru.

2.    A friend has joined a reading group. You want to know the number of people there .

3.    Someone tells you that Anthony Hope, wrote The Prisoner of Zenda in three months you are very surprised by this.

4.    You are told that Anthony Hope paid for the publication of his first novel himself you are interested in this information.

2) Say where these take place who the speakers are :

1- A: So, John, could you tell our listeners how you started?

B: Certainly. It was when I was seven. I won first prize in a poetry

competition.

A: And now it's your full time job?

B: that’s right my second novel was published last year.

2- A: could you help me carry the shopping into the house,

please, Aisha?

B: ok, mum. Where shall I put it?

A: just put the bags on the kitchen floor for the moment.

3) A) Choose the correct answer :

1.    How many kilometers (are - were - is - have been) it from school to your house ?

2.    (Are – Is- Have been - Were ) a thousand pounds too much to spend on holiday?

3.    How (much – many – long – little) people are there in the team?

4.    How many seconds (is – are – was – would) there in an hour?

5.    Ten kilometres (have – been - is - are) a long way to run.

6.    Would you like (some – much – a – any) cup of tea?

7.    One of the pages in the book (is – are – were – have been) torn.

8.    We didn't take (some – many – much – little) photographs yesterday.

9.    Ali was listening to (a – many – one – some) music.

10. I still have (a little – much – one – a few) things to do.

11. I am going to buy (some – a few – two – one) bread.

12. If you want to know the news, you can read (much paper- many paper- a paper- paper)

13. Bad news (don't – doesn't – haven't – aren't) make people happy.

14. John is unemployed. He can't get a ( job– work ).

15. Can you give me (an – some – many – one) advice?

16. I don't have (many – some – much – a lot) luggage.

17. They spend (a lot of – many – a few – a) money on travel.

18. Enjoy your trip. Have (a – many – a few – any) good time.

19. I need a new (pair – couple – double – jar) of sunglasses.

20. I have (a – a few – any – a lot) problem. Can you help me?

21. How (much – many – few – little) students are there in your school?

22. Have you finished (a – some – one – the) book I lent you?

23. She has (the – an – a – many) French name, but in fact she's English.

24. I am going away for (an – many – much – a) week in September.

25. There isn't (a – the – some – many) supermarket near where I live.

26. We are having a (disagreement – conflict - debate – negotiation) at school next week about ways of reducing global warming.

27. For some people, reading and watching films are forms of (socialism – ecotourism – extremism – escapism).

28. In the past, many English children studied (classics – ceramics – clinics – cosmetics) at school. Now most schools teach modern languages.

29. Oliver Twist is the fictional (champion - hero – leader – loser) of one of Charles Dickens' most famous novels.

30. The Prisoner of Zenda was ready for (application – classification - publication – clarification) a few months after Anthony Hope thought of the idea.

31. Nobody has the (left – wrong - right – sight) to steal things from other people

32.  (Castles – Houses – Flats – Apartments) were usually made from stone to stop attackers from breaking in.

33.  A (double – pair – two – couple) of people objected to the proposal, but the vast majority approved of it.

34.  They had been (delaying – defeating – debating – applying) for several hours without reaching a conclusion.

35. All the characters in this film are (fictional – intentional – additional – conventional)). They are not real.

36.  Over two hundred people (intended – pretended – depended – attended) the funeral.

37. Our customers have the right (to complain – complaining – complained – complain) if the service is not satisfactory.

38. They met on several (chance - occasions – opportunity  - day) to discuss the issue.

39. The two men were surprised (discover – to discover – discovering – discovered) that they were so alike.

40. He spent three days (with – at – of – to) his uncle.

41. The story takes (space – part – place – the place) in 19th century Europe.

42. He was buried (life – alive – living – a life) in the earthquake.

43.  They kept looking at each (other – another – others – the other) and smiling.

44. He was (looked – lacked – licked – locked) in the castle at Zenda.

45.  It's important to protect your skin (of – with - from – at) the harmful effects of the sun.

46. She's going to study (classics – classic – classical – classification) at university.

47. Ali and Mona are a nice (double – pair – couple – two). Let's invite them to dinner.

48. Prices have (coupled – doubled – paired – crippled) in the last few years.

49. There was a long (talking – debate – speaking - beating) on TV about elections.

50. The (castle – battle – cattle – shuttle) was captured by the enemies.

51. The opening of the new school was a great (admission – collision – occasion – concession).

52. They (dropped – sent – gave – kidnapped) the boy and demanded a big ransom.

53. The Egyptian monuments are very popular (of – to – with – on) tourists.

54. He's very much (like – alike – look like – liken) his father.

55. They met at the club as (agreeing – to agree – agreed – agreement).

4-A) Find the mistake and correct it in the following sentences.

1.     Over two thousand people attention the meeting.

2.     These two sisters are so like.

3.     People over 18 have the tight to vote in elections.

4.     This novel is intentional. It's not real.

5.     A defeat is a formal organised discussion.

6.     The gang hijacked the boy and asked for a lot of money to let him go.

7.     She went to London a pair of years ago.

8.     Can you tell me what the thief was alike?

9.     It took him five hours finishing the report.

10.  Classic is the study of the language and history of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

11.  Anthony Hope's first novel was publication in 1890.

12.  Films and books can sometimes help people to escapism from their worries.

13.  Escaping is entertainment that helps people to forget about their worries.

14.  The ceremony of the coordination of the queen was attended by millions of people.

15.  Although he is bald, there are a few hair on his head.

16.  How much times do you go to the cinema?

17.  Do we have a rice left?

18.  How many money do you need for your holiday?

19.  Fifty degrees are a very high temperature

20.  Athletics were my father's favourite sport.

21.  The news I heard yesterday were very pleasant.

22.  The people in our group was watching the film.

23.  Hurry! There is not many time left.

24.  Two five-pound notes is on the table.

25.  The police is chasing the suspect.

26.  How many money do you need?

27.  Athletics were my father's favourite sport.

28.  One of the players in the team are very tall.

29.  Our luggage are searched carefully.

30.  Much people don't have enough to eat.

5- A: Translate into Arabic:

1- Escapism stories are stories that make us to forget about our worries and troubles. They take us to the world of imagination and thinking. the are the same as fictional stories that are not real or true.

2-The Nile Basin countries failed to reach an agreement on the distribution of water among them in the future at the end of their meeting in Sharm El-Sheikh. This failure could lead to a water crisis that could have serious consequences for Egypt and Sudan

3- Egypt does its best to attract Arab and foreign capital for investment in the field of industry. We encourage the establishment of new industries as well as expandingتوسيع  the existing onesالصناعات الموجودة 

B : Translate into English:

1- من حقك ان تعبر عن رأيك بحريه ولكن يجب ان تحترم رأى الأخرين (ث0ع 2007)

2- يجب أن نستفيد من تجارب الأخرين فى الصناعه والتكنولوجيا (ث0ع 2007)

3- لقد تم تتويج الملك فى حفل مهيب حضره الملايين.